Incidence of Some Reproductive Problems Following a Voluntary Waiting Period in Cows on Family-Type Cattle Breeding Farms in Van Province

Abstract

This study aimed to identify some reproductive problems in cows on family-type cattle breeding farms in rural areas of Van province using transrectal ultrasonographic examination. The study included 196 cows (at least 50 days postpartum and non-pregnant) of various breeds and ages. Postpartum days and current body condition scores (BCS) were recorded. Genital organs of each animal were examined twice using rectal palpation and ultrasonography, at intervals of 7-11 days. Cows with a detected corpus luteum in their ovaries were classified as cyclic, while those without were classified as non-cyclic, also categorized according to anovulatory anestrus types. The average number of days postpartum for cows was determined to be 94.42 days. Based on ovarian examination results, 51.03% (n = 99) of the cows were classified as cyclic, while 48.97% (n = 95) were classified as non-cyclic. According to anovulatory anestrus types, 15% (n = 15) of the cows were classified as Type I anovulatory anestrus, 26% (n = 26) as Type II anovulatory anestrus, 54% (n = 54) as Type III anovulatory anestrus, and 5% (n = 5) as Type IV anovulatory anestrus. In addition, pyometra was diagnosed in two of the cows. In the study, it was concluded that the cows in family-type cattle breeding farms in rural areas of Van Province were delayed in starting postpartum cycle activities and high anestrus rates may be primarily due to nutrition. It was concluded that the widespread use of ultrasonography in family-type cattle breeding farms would have significant and positive effects on the reproductive success of cows and sustainable animal breeding.