Evaluation of the Effect of Bromelain on Renal Toxicity Induced by Doxorubicin in Rats
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2024
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Bromelain (BRM), doğal bir antioksidan, serbest radikal süpürücü ve antienflamatuvar ajan olmasına rağmen doksorubisinin (DOX) oluşturduğu hücre hasarına karşı koruyucu rolü çok fazla araştırılmamıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmada deneysel olarak doksorubisinle oluşturulan nefrotoksisiteye karşı, bromelain uygulamasının ne derece etkili olduğu araştırıldı. Çalışmada 42 adet erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele seçilerek 6 gruba ayrıldı. Bu gruplar sırasıyla; kontrol, DOX, BRM20 (20 mg/kg/gün BRM, p.o.), BRM40 (40 mg/kg/gün BRM, p.o.), DOX+BRM20 (20 mg/kg/gün BRM, p.o.) ve DOX+BRM40 (40 mg/kg/gün BRM, p.o.) gruplarıydı. Çalışma toplam 7 gün sürdü. Kontrol grubuna herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı ve çalışma sonunda sakrifiye edildi. DOX, DOX+BRM20 ve DOX+BRM40 gruplarına çalışmanın 5. günü 15 mg/kg/i.p. tek doz DOX uygulandı ve çalışma sonunda sakrifiye edildi. Ayrıca kontrol ve DOX grupları haricindeki tüm gruplara çalışma boyunca her gün (7 gün boyunca) belirtilen konsantrasyonlarda BRM oral yolla uygulandı ve çalışma sonunda sakrifiye edildi. Çalışma sonunda anestezi altında sıçanların kardiak punction ile kanları alınarak, böbrek dokuları izole edildi. Serum örneklerinde üre, kreatinin ve kan üre azotu miktarları otoanalizörde ticari kit kullanılarak bakıldı. Böbrek dokularında ise lipid peroksidasyonunu belirlemek için malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi, protein oksidasyonunu belirlemek için protein karbonil düzeyleri, DNA oksidasyonunu belirlemek için 8-hidroksi deoksi guanozin (8-OH dG) düzeyi, antioksidan durumu belirlemek için süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz, glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) ve glutatyon redüktaz (GSH-Rx) aktiviteleri ile redükte glutatyon (GSH) düzeyi, enflamatuvar yanıtın gözlenmesi için ise nitrik oksit (NOx) ve prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) düzeyleri ölçüldü. Elde edilen veriler ortalama±standart sapma şeklinde ifade edildi ve p değeri 0.05 ve daha küçük olan veriler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Biyokimyasal parametrelerin değerlendirilmesinde tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testi kullanıldı. DOX uygulamasının böbrek fonksiyon testlerini bozduğu, böbrek dokusundaki lipid peroksidasyonunu, protein ve DNA oksidasyonunu ve enflamatuvar yanıtı arttırdığı, antioksidan savunma sistemini ise zayıflattığı görüldü. Bromelain uygulamasının böbrek dokusundaki oksidatif stresi ve enflamasyonu önlediği gözlendi. Sonuç olarak DOX tedavisinin böbrek dokusunda hasara yol açtığı, bromelain uygulamasının ise oluşan nefrotoksisitenin önüne geçebileceği görüldü. Anahtar Kelimeler: Doksorubisin, Nefrotoksisite, Antioksidan, Oksidatif stres, Bromelain
Although bromelain (BRM) is a natural antioxidant, free radical scavenger and anti-inflammatory agent, its protective role against cell damage caused by doxorubicin (DOX) has not been investigated much. In this study, the effectiveness of bromelain administration against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated. In the study, 42 male rats were used. The rats were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups. These groups were control, DOX, BRM20 (20 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.), BRM40 (40 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.), DOX+BRM20 (20 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.) and DOX+BRM40 (40 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.) groups, respectively. The study lasted for a total of 7 days. The control group was not treated and sacrificed at the end of the study. DOX, DOX+BRM20 and DOX+BRM40 groups were administered 15 mg/kg/i.p. single dose of DOX on the 5th day of the study and sacrificed at the end of the study. In addition, all groups except the control and DOX groups were administered BRM orally at the indicated concentrations every day (for 7 days) throughout the study and sacrificed at the end of the study. At the end of the study, rats were anaesthetised and their blood was collected by cardiac punction and kidney tissues were isolated. In serum samples, urea, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were analysed using a commercial kit in an autoanalyzer. In kidney tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA) level to determine lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl levels to determine protein oxidation, 8-hydroxy deoxy guanosine (8-OH dG) level to determine DNA oxidation, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured to determine the antioxidant status and nitric oxide (NOx) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured to observe the inflammatory response. The data obtained were expressed as mean±standard deviation and the data with a p value of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used for the evaluation of biochemical parameters. DOX administration impaired renal function tests, increased lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation and inflammatory response in renal tissue, and weakened the antioxidant defence system. Bromelain administration prevented oxidative stress and inflammation in renal tissue. In conclusion, it was observed that DOX treatment caused damage in the kidney tissue and bromelain administration could prevent the nephrotoxicity. Key Words: Doxorubicin, Nephrotoxicity, Antioxidant, Oxidative stress, Bromelain
Although bromelain (BRM) is a natural antioxidant, free radical scavenger and anti-inflammatory agent, its protective role against cell damage caused by doxorubicin (DOX) has not been investigated much. In this study, the effectiveness of bromelain administration against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated. In the study, 42 male rats were used. The rats were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups. These groups were control, DOX, BRM20 (20 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.), BRM40 (40 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.), DOX+BRM20 (20 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.) and DOX+BRM40 (40 mg/kg/day BRM, p.o.) groups, respectively. The study lasted for a total of 7 days. The control group was not treated and sacrificed at the end of the study. DOX, DOX+BRM20 and DOX+BRM40 groups were administered 15 mg/kg/i.p. single dose of DOX on the 5th day of the study and sacrificed at the end of the study. In addition, all groups except the control and DOX groups were administered BRM orally at the indicated concentrations every day (for 7 days) throughout the study and sacrificed at the end of the study. At the end of the study, rats were anaesthetised and their blood was collected by cardiac punction and kidney tissues were isolated. In serum samples, urea, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were analysed using a commercial kit in an autoanalyzer. In kidney tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA) level to determine lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl levels to determine protein oxidation, 8-hydroxy deoxy guanosine (8-OH dG) level to determine DNA oxidation, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured to determine the antioxidant status and nitric oxide (NOx) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured to observe the inflammatory response. The data obtained were expressed as mean±standard deviation and the data with a p value of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used for the evaluation of biochemical parameters. DOX administration impaired renal function tests, increased lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation and inflammatory response in renal tissue, and weakened the antioxidant defence system. Bromelain administration prevented oxidative stress and inflammation in renal tissue. In conclusion, it was observed that DOX treatment caused damage in the kidney tissue and bromelain administration could prevent the nephrotoxicity. Key Words: Doxorubicin, Nephrotoxicity, Antioxidant, Oxidative stress, Bromelain
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Biyokimya, Eczacılık ve Farmakoloji, Biochemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
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74