Determination of the Effects of Biological and Organic Fertilization on Some Agronomic, Efficiency and Quality Parameters of Cowpea (vigna Unguiculata (l) Walp.) in Van Ecological Conditions
Abstract
Bu çalışma, Van ekolojik koşullarında mikrobiyal ve organik gübre uygulamalarının börülcenin (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.) bazı agronomik, verim ve teknolojik özellikleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2021 ve 2022 yıllar arası yazlık yetiştirme döneminde sulu koşullarda yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Tesadüf Bloklarında Bölünmüş Parseller Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak düzenlenmiştir. Denemede, bitki gelişimini teşvik eden mikroorganizmalar (Azot bağlayıcı, Fosfat çözücü, Rhizobium ve Mikoriza) ve farklı organik gübreler (Hümik asit, Tavuk gübresi ve vermikompost gübresi) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, çıkış süresi 8.08-13.87 gün, .çiçeklenme süresi 44.33-47.83 gün, bakla bağlama süresi 52.75-58.07 gün, yetişme süresi 94.20-101.60 gün, bitki boyu 35.72- 46.25 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 29.25-33.67 cm, bitkide dal sayısı 4.93-9.49 adet/bitki, bitkide bakla sayısı 4.12-8.95 adet/bitki, bitkide tane sayısı 21.53-42.33 adet/bitki, 100 tane ağırlığı 17.02-19.96 g, tane verimi 61.95-113.62 kg/da, biyolojik verim 584.57- 689.58 kg/da, hasat indeksi % 27.99-32.99, bitkide nodül sayısı 9.10-16.63 adet/bitki, AMF kök kolonizasyonu 54.54-67.92 adet/bitki, tane protein oranı % 16.20-20.66, protein verimi % 980.45-2345.34, tane fosfor içeriği 8004.55-9080.58 ppm, tane potasyum içeriği 11190.16-15549.00 ppm, tane nem oranı % 3.92-4.27, tanede toplam kuru madde oranı % 95.70-96.08 aralıklarında tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada en yüksek tane verimi 2021 yılında 75.21 kg/da ile Rhizobium + vermikompost uygulamasından alınırken, 2022 yılında ise 113.66 kg/da ile azot bağlayıcı + vermikompost uygulamasında elde edilmiştir.
This study was carried out in irrigated conditions during the summer growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 in order to determine the effects of microbial and organic fertilizer applications on some agronomic, yield and technological properties of kidney bean (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.) in Van ecological conditions. The research was organized in 3 replications according to the Divided Plots Trial Design in Random Blocks. In the experiment, microorganisms that promote plant growth (Nitrogen binder, Phosphate solvent, Rhizobium and Mycorrhiza) and different organic fertilizers (Humic acid, Chicken manure and Worm manure) were applied. In the findings and change intervals of the parameters examined were determined as follows: emergence period 8.08-13.87 days, flowering period 44.33-47.83 days, pod setting time 52.75-58.07 days, growing period 94.20-101.60 days, plant height 35.72- 46.25 cm, first pod height 29.25-33.67 cm, number of branches per plant. 4.93-9.49 pieces/plant, number of pods per plant 4.12-8.95 pieces/plant, number of seeds per plant 21.53-42.33 pieces/plant, 100 grain weight 17.02-19.96 g, grain yield 61.95-113.62 kg/da, biological yield 584.57-689.58 kg /da, harvest index 27.99-32.99%, number of nodules per plant 9.10-16.63 units/plant, AMF root colonization 54.54-67.92 units/plant, grain protein ratio 16.20-20.66%, protein yield 980.45-2345.34 kg/da, grain phosphorus content 8004.55-9080.58 ppm, grain potassium content 11190.16-15549.00 ppm, grain moisture content 3.92-4.27%, total dry matter content in grain 95.70-96.08%. In the research, the highest grain yield was obtained from Rhizobium + vermicompost application with 75.21 kg/da in 2021, and nitrogen binder + vermicompost application with 113.66 kg/da in 2022.
This study was carried out in irrigated conditions during the summer growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 in order to determine the effects of microbial and organic fertilizer applications on some agronomic, yield and technological properties of kidney bean (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.) in Van ecological conditions. The research was organized in 3 replications according to the Divided Plots Trial Design in Random Blocks. In the experiment, microorganisms that promote plant growth (Nitrogen binder, Phosphate solvent, Rhizobium and Mycorrhiza) and different organic fertilizers (Humic acid, Chicken manure and Worm manure) were applied. In the findings and change intervals of the parameters examined were determined as follows: emergence period 8.08-13.87 days, flowering period 44.33-47.83 days, pod setting time 52.75-58.07 days, growing period 94.20-101.60 days, plant height 35.72- 46.25 cm, first pod height 29.25-33.67 cm, number of branches per plant. 4.93-9.49 pieces/plant, number of pods per plant 4.12-8.95 pieces/plant, number of seeds per plant 21.53-42.33 pieces/plant, 100 grain weight 17.02-19.96 g, grain yield 61.95-113.62 kg/da, biological yield 584.57-689.58 kg /da, harvest index 27.99-32.99%, number of nodules per plant 9.10-16.63 units/plant, AMF root colonization 54.54-67.92 units/plant, grain protein ratio 16.20-20.66%, protein yield 980.45-2345.34 kg/da, grain phosphorus content 8004.55-9080.58 ppm, grain potassium content 11190.16-15549.00 ppm, grain moisture content 3.92-4.27%, total dry matter content in grain 95.70-96.08%. In the research, the highest grain yield was obtained from Rhizobium + vermicompost application with 75.21 kg/da in 2021, and nitrogen binder + vermicompost application with 113.66 kg/da in 2022.
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Ziraat, Agriculture
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