Investigation of the Protective Role of Myrisetin, Kaemferol, Fisetin and Galangin Against Nephrotoxicity Caused by Lead Acetate Exposure
Abstract
Çalışmada; deneysel olarak kurşun asetat (LA) indüksiyonu oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda, antioksidan ve antienflamatuvar etkileri bilinen mirisetin, kaemferol, fisetin ve galangin uygulamasının böbrek dokusundaki oksidatif stres ve enflamatuvar yanıtı ne ölçüde engelleyebileceği ortaya konulmaya çalışıldı. Çalışmada 70 adet sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele seçilerek 10 gruba ayrıldı. Bu gruplar sırasıyla; kontrol, LA (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC100 (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC200 (200 mg/kg), LA+KMP100 (100 mg/kg), LA+KMP200 (200 mg/kg), LA+FST100 (100 mg/kg), LA+FST200 (200 mg/kg), LA+GLG100 (100 mg/kg) ve LA+GLG200 (200 mg/kg) gruplardır. Çalışmada kullanılan tüm maddeler 28 gün boyunca her gün gavaj yoluyla verildi. Çalışmanın sonunda tüm hayvanlar anestezi altında, kardiak punction ile alınan kanlarından serum elde edildi, böbrek dokuları ise çıkartıldı. Serum örneklerinde üre, kreatinin ve kan üre azotu miktarları otoanalizörde ticari kit kullanılarak bakıldı. Böbrek dokularında ise lipid peroksidasyonunu belirlemek için malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi, protein oksidasyonunu belirlemek için protein karbonil, toplam ve serbest tiyol düzeyleri, DNA oksidasyonunu belirlemek için 8-hidroksi deoksi guanozin (8-OH dG) düzeyi, antioksidan durumu belirlemek için süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), glutatyon redüktaz (GSH-Rx), paraoksonaz (PON), aril esteraz (ARE) aktiviteleri ile redükte glutatyon (GSH) düzeyi, inflamatuvar yanıtın gözlenmesi için ise nitrik oksit (NOx) ve prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) düzeyleri ölçüldü. Çalışmanın istatistik analizi SPSS v16.0 istatistik programı kullanılarak yapıldı. Elde edilen veriler ortalama±standart sapma şeklinde ifade edildi ve p değeri 0.05 ve daha küçük olan veriler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Biyokimyasal parametrelerin değerlendirilmesinde tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testi kullanıldı. Kurşun uygulasının böbrek fonksiyon testlerini bozduğu, böbrek dokusundaki lipid peroksidasyonunu, protein ve DNA oksidasyonunu ve enflamatuvar yanıtı arttırdığı, antioksidan savunma sistemini ise zayıflattığı görüldü (p<0.05). Mirisetin ve fisetin uygulamasının ise böbrek dokusundaki oksidatif stresi ve enflamasyonu önlediği gözlemlendi (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak özellikle yüksek dozdaki miristein ve fisetin uygulamalarının oluşabilecek nefrotoksisitenin önüne geçebileceği, kaemferol ve galanginin ise istenildiği kadar koruyucu bir etkiye sahip olmadığı görüldü. Ancak yine de kurşun kullanımı mümkün olduğunca sınırlandırılmalı, şayet kullanılacaksa azami ölçüde gerekli önlemler alınarak çevreye olan aşırı yayılımı asgari düzeye indirilmelidir.
In this study, it was tried to reveal to what extent the administration of myricetin, kaemferol, fisetin and galangin, which are known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, can prevent oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the kidney tissue in rats with experimental lead acetate (LA) induction. 70 rats were used in the study. Rats were randomly selected and divided into 10 groups. These groups are respectively; control, LA (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC100 (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC200 (200 mg/kg), LA+KMP100 (100 mg/kg), LA+KMP200 (200 mg/kg), LA+FST100 (100 mg/kg), LA+FST200 (200 mg/kg), LA+GLG100 (100 mg/kg) and LA+GLG200 (200 mg/kg) groups. All substances used in the study were given by gavage every day for 28 days. At the end of the study, serum was obtained from the blood of all animals taken by cardiac puncture under anesthesia, and kidney tissues were removed. The amounts of urea, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in serum samples were measured in an autoanalyzer using a commercial kit. In kidney tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA) level to determine lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, total and free thiol levels to determine protein oxidation, 8-hydroxy deoxy guanosine (8-OH dG) level to determine DNA oxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx), paraoxonase (PON), aryl esterase (ARE) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and nitric oxide for observing the inflammatory response. (NOx) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured. Statistical analysis of the study was performed using SPSS v16.0 statistical program. Obtained data were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and data with a p value of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used to evaluate biochemical parameters. It was observed that lead administration impaired kidney function tests, increased lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation and inflammatory response in kidney tissue, and weakened the antioxidant defense system (p<0.05). It was observed that myricetin and fisetin administration prevented oxidative stress and inflammation in kidney tissue (p<0.05). As a result, it was observed that especially high-dose myristein and fisetin applications could prevent nephrotoxicity, while kaemferol and galangin did not have a protective effect as desired. However, the use of lead should be limited as much as possible, and if it is to be used, necessary precautions should be taken to the maximum extent and its excessive release to the environment should be minimized.
In this study, it was tried to reveal to what extent the administration of myricetin, kaemferol, fisetin and galangin, which are known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, can prevent oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the kidney tissue in rats with experimental lead acetate (LA) induction. 70 rats were used in the study. Rats were randomly selected and divided into 10 groups. These groups are respectively; control, LA (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC100 (100 mg/kg), LA+MYC200 (200 mg/kg), LA+KMP100 (100 mg/kg), LA+KMP200 (200 mg/kg), LA+FST100 (100 mg/kg), LA+FST200 (200 mg/kg), LA+GLG100 (100 mg/kg) and LA+GLG200 (200 mg/kg) groups. All substances used in the study were given by gavage every day for 28 days. At the end of the study, serum was obtained from the blood of all animals taken by cardiac puncture under anesthesia, and kidney tissues were removed. The amounts of urea, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in serum samples were measured in an autoanalyzer using a commercial kit. In kidney tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA) level to determine lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, total and free thiol levels to determine protein oxidation, 8-hydroxy deoxy guanosine (8-OH dG) level to determine DNA oxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx), paraoxonase (PON), aryl esterase (ARE) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and nitric oxide for observing the inflammatory response. (NOx) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were measured. Statistical analysis of the study was performed using SPSS v16.0 statistical program. Obtained data were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and data with a p value of 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test were used to evaluate biochemical parameters. It was observed that lead administration impaired kidney function tests, increased lipid peroxidation, protein and DNA oxidation and inflammatory response in kidney tissue, and weakened the antioxidant defense system (p<0.05). It was observed that myricetin and fisetin administration prevented oxidative stress and inflammation in kidney tissue (p<0.05). As a result, it was observed that especially high-dose myristein and fisetin applications could prevent nephrotoxicity, while kaemferol and galangin did not have a protective effect as desired. However, the use of lead should be limited as much as possible, and if it is to be used, necessary precautions should be taken to the maximum extent and its excessive release to the environment should be minimized.
Description
Keywords
Biyokimya, Eczacılık ve Farmakoloji, Antioksidanlar, Böbrek, Flavonoidler, Hayvan deneyleri, Kurşun, Kurşun asetat, Nefrotoksisite, Oksidatif stres, Sıçanlar, Biochemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Antioxidants, Kidney, Flavonoids, Animal experimentation, Lead, Lead asetate, Nephrotoxicity, Oxidative stress, Rats
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
130