Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Doped Pmma Pvc Nanocomposite
Abstract
Bu çalışmada farklı oranlı PVC/PMMA (poli (metil metakrilat)/ poli (vinil klorür) blendlerine çeşitli miktarlarda katılan karbon nanotüplerin (CNT) elde edilen nanokompozitlerin özellikleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla %80:20, %60:40, %50:50, %40:60 ve %20:80 oranlarında beş farklı PVC/PMMA blendi hazırlanmıştır. Blendlere %0.1, %0.5 ve %1.0 oranlarında CNT katılarak nanokompozitler, çözeltiden döküm yöntemiyle sentezlenmiştir. Çözücü olarak tetrahidrofuran (THF) kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan nanokompozitlerin spektroskopik ve termal incelemeleri yapılmış, ayrıca elektriksel iletkenlikleri ölçülmüştür. SEM görüntülemesi CNT'lerin polimer matrisle iyi etkileştiğini göstermiştir. Nanokompozitlerde ise CNT'lerin yeterince homojen bir dağılım gösterdiği ve polimer matrisle iyi etkileştiği görülmüştür. XRD analizinde yapının belirgin biçimde amorf olduğu ve ortalama kristallik değerinin %15 civarında olduğu belirlenmiştir. TGA ölçümlerinde, üç aşamalı kütle kaybı görülmüştür. Birinci termal bozunmada PVC kaynaklı dehidroklorinasyonun, ikinci termal bozunmada ise polimer zincirlerindeki yapısal bozunmanın daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür. TGA analizinde, CNT katkısının kütle kaybı üzerinde etkisiz olduğu gözlenmiştir. DTG ölçümlerinde de CNT'lerin bozunma hızında etkisiz oldukları belirlenmiştir. DSC analizlerinde CNT katkısının camsı geçiş sıcaklığı üzerinde belirli bir etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Aktivasyon enerjilerinin birinci bozunma aşamasında giderek yükseldiği daha sonra azaldığı görülmüştür Elektriksel iletkenlikte %50:50:1 PVC/PMMA/CNT nanokompozitinde ideal perkolasyon eğrisine yaklaşılmış ve 4.97 × 10−6 S/cm ile yarı iletkenlik bandı sınırına ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Blend, Karbon nanotüp, Nanokompozit polimer, Poli (metilmetakrilat), Poli (vinil klorür)
This study examined the effects of carbon nanotubes added in different amounts into PVC/PMMA (poly (methylmetacrylate)/poly (vinylchloride)) blends with different ratios on the properties of nanocomposites. For this purpose, five different blends of PVC/PMMA were prepared with ratios of 80:20%, 60:40%, 50:50%, 40:60%, and 20:80%. Nanocomposites were synthesized through solution casting method by adding 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% of CNT to the prepared polymer blends. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as the solvent. Spectroscopic and thermal examinations of the prepared nanocomposites were performed, and their electrical conductivities were measured. The SEM imaging showed that CNTs interacted with polymer matrix well. As for the nanocomposites, CNTs displayed an adequate level of homogeneity and interacted with polymer matrix well. The XRD analysis showed that the structure was clearly amorphous and had an average crystallinity of 15%. In TGA measurements, a three-phase mass loss was observed. It was seen that dehydrochlorination due to PVC was more effective in the first thermal degradation, while the structural degradation in polymer chains was more effective in the second thermal degradation. The TGA analysis showed that CNT addition was not effective on mass loss. Furthermore, it was determined through DTG measurements that CNTs did not affect degradation speed. The DSC analyses indicated that CNT addition did not have a marked effect on glass transition temperature (Tg). Activation energies gradually increased at the first stage of degradation, and then decreased. As for electrical conductivity, we approached the ideal percolation curve in the 50:50%:1 PVC/PMMA/CNT nanocomposite and reached the semi-conductivity limit with 4.97 × 10-6 S/cm−1. Keywords: Blend, Carbon nanotube, Nanocomposite polymer, Poly (methylmetacrylate), Poly (vinyl chloride)
This study examined the effects of carbon nanotubes added in different amounts into PVC/PMMA (poly (methylmetacrylate)/poly (vinylchloride)) blends with different ratios on the properties of nanocomposites. For this purpose, five different blends of PVC/PMMA were prepared with ratios of 80:20%, 60:40%, 50:50%, 40:60%, and 20:80%. Nanocomposites were synthesized through solution casting method by adding 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% of CNT to the prepared polymer blends. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as the solvent. Spectroscopic and thermal examinations of the prepared nanocomposites were performed, and their electrical conductivities were measured. The SEM imaging showed that CNTs interacted with polymer matrix well. As for the nanocomposites, CNTs displayed an adequate level of homogeneity and interacted with polymer matrix well. The XRD analysis showed that the structure was clearly amorphous and had an average crystallinity of 15%. In TGA measurements, a three-phase mass loss was observed. It was seen that dehydrochlorination due to PVC was more effective in the first thermal degradation, while the structural degradation in polymer chains was more effective in the second thermal degradation. The TGA analysis showed that CNT addition was not effective on mass loss. Furthermore, it was determined through DTG measurements that CNTs did not affect degradation speed. The DSC analyses indicated that CNT addition did not have a marked effect on glass transition temperature (Tg). Activation energies gradually increased at the first stage of degradation, and then decreased. As for electrical conductivity, we approached the ideal percolation curve in the 50:50%:1 PVC/PMMA/CNT nanocomposite and reached the semi-conductivity limit with 4.97 × 10-6 S/cm−1. Keywords: Blend, Carbon nanotube, Nanocomposite polymer, Poly (methylmetacrylate), Poly (vinyl chloride)
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Kimya, Karbon nanotüp, Metilmetakrilatlar, Nanokompozitler, Polivinil klorür, Chemistry, Carbon nanotube, Methylmethacrylates, Nanocomposites, Polyvinyl chloride
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