Nanoencapsulation of Pomegranate Ellagitannins
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de ticari amaçla yaygın olarak yetiştirilen Hicaz, Devedişi ve Zivzik nar çeşitlerine ait kabukların bazı fizikokimyasal özellikleri, in vitro sindirim sonrası antioksidan kapasiteleri, fenolik içerikleri, toplam flavonoid madde miktarları, biyoerişilebilirlik değerleri ve antidiyabetik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca mevcut olan asit hidrolizi yöntemi geliştirilerek, Hicaz nar kabuğundan basit ve düşük maliyetli elajik asit eldesi sağlanmıştır. Bu amaçla elajitanin ekstrasiyonuna asit hidrolizi sonucu pH 2, 5, 7, 9 ve 12 değerine sahip su kullanarak yıkama işlemi uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan işlemde pH 7 ile en düşük (% 55.70), pH 12 ile en yüksek (% 88.74) elajik asit saflığı elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra elajitanen ekstraktı ve pH 12'lik yıkama suyu ile elde edilen elajik asit, maltodekstrin ve soya lesitini kaplama materyalleri ile nanoenkapsüle edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlarda, lesitin ile kaplı nanopartiküllerde daha yüksek zeta potansiyel değerleri belirlenmiş olup, punicalagin A (% 63.26), punicalagin B (% 76.12) ve elajik asit (% 77.11) için daha yüksek enkapsülasyon etkinlikleri saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra maltodekstrin kaplı nanopartiküllerin lesitine kıyasla üretim verimliliklerinin daha yüksek olduğu, farklı sıcaklık (4 ve 18 oC) ve pH değerlerinde (pH 5, 7, 9) depolama süresi boyunca örneklerdeki fenolik bileşenleri koruma etkisinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Oluşturulan nanopartiküllerin sindirim sonrasında da baskın fenolik olan elajik asidi ve antioksidan aktivite biyoerişilebilirliklerini önemli oranda korudukları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, kullanılan her iki kaplama materyalinin de örneklerin stabilite, termal direnç ve çözünürlük değerlerinde önemli artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir.
In this study, some physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacities after in vitro digestion, phenolic and total flavonoid content, bioaccessibility and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peels of Hicaz, Devedişi and Zivzik varieties which widely grown in Turkey for commercial purposes have been determined. In addition, simple and low-cost ellagic acid was obtained from Hicaz pomegranate peel by improving existing acid hydrolysis method. For this purpose, after the acid hydrolysis of ellagitannins extraction the washing process was applied using water with pH level of 2, 5, 7, 9 and 12. The lowest (55.70%) and the highest (88.74%) ellagic acid purity (88.74%) were obtained at pH 7 and pH 12, respectively. Then, ellagitannins extract and the ellagic acid obtained at pH 12, were nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin and soy lecithin coating materials. The nanoparticles coated with lecithin showed higher zeta potential values, and higher encapsulation efficiencies were obtained for punicalagin A (63.26%), punicalagin B (76.12%) and ellagic acid (77.11%). On the other hand, the production efficiency of maltodextrin-coated nanoparticles was higher that of lecithin encapsulated samples and also it showed higher stability during the storage at different temperatures (4 and 18 oC) and pH values (pH 5, 7, 9) due to its higher phenolics content. It was determined that the nanoparticles significantly preserved the bioaccessibility of the dominant phenolics such as ellagic acid and the antioxidant activities of samples after in vitro digestion. In addition, both the coating materials provided a significant increase in the stability, thermal resistance and solubility values of the samples.
In this study, some physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacities after in vitro digestion, phenolic and total flavonoid content, bioaccessibility and antidiabetic properties of pomegranate peels of Hicaz, Devedişi and Zivzik varieties which widely grown in Turkey for commercial purposes have been determined. In addition, simple and low-cost ellagic acid was obtained from Hicaz pomegranate peel by improving existing acid hydrolysis method. For this purpose, after the acid hydrolysis of ellagitannins extraction the washing process was applied using water with pH level of 2, 5, 7, 9 and 12. The lowest (55.70%) and the highest (88.74%) ellagic acid purity (88.74%) were obtained at pH 7 and pH 12, respectively. Then, ellagitannins extract and the ellagic acid obtained at pH 12, were nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin and soy lecithin coating materials. The nanoparticles coated with lecithin showed higher zeta potential values, and higher encapsulation efficiencies were obtained for punicalagin A (63.26%), punicalagin B (76.12%) and ellagic acid (77.11%). On the other hand, the production efficiency of maltodextrin-coated nanoparticles was higher that of lecithin encapsulated samples and also it showed higher stability during the storage at different temperatures (4 and 18 oC) and pH values (pH 5, 7, 9) due to its higher phenolics content. It was determined that the nanoparticles significantly preserved the bioaccessibility of the dominant phenolics such as ellagic acid and the antioxidant activities of samples after in vitro digestion. In addition, both the coating materials provided a significant increase in the stability, thermal resistance and solubility values of the samples.
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Gıda Mühendisliği, Food Engineering
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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172