Browsing by Author "Okumus, Emine"

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Antioxidant, Anti-Lipid Peroxidation and Antimicrobial Effect of Heracleum Persicum
(2024) Okumus, Emine; Meydan, Ismet
This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect and antimicrobial properties of Heracleum persicum plant. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl, 1-picrylhydrazyl) method was used to determine antioxidant activity, and the Folin method was used to determine total phenolic content. Disc diffusion method was applied to determine antimicrobial activity. In the study, the antioxidant activity value of H. persicum was determined as 5.36 mg mL-1, the total phenolic content was 20.84 mg GAE mL-1 and the total flavonoid content was 12.35 mg QE mL-1. The plant's inhibition against lipid peroxidation was measured as 3.63 mg mL-1. Its antioxidant activity and inhibitory effect against lipid peroxidation were lower than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) in both analyses (p<0.05). The plant extract was found to be effective against Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. As a result, the antioxidant properties, antimicrobial and anti-lipid peroxidation effects of H. persicum plant have revealed that this plant has an important potential for use in medicine and pharmacology, as well as for consumption as food.
Characterization, in Vitro Bioaccessibility and Antidiabetic Activities of Maltodextrin and Lecithin Nanomaterials Loaded With Ellagic Acid
(Springer, 2024) Okumus, Emine; Bakkalbasi, Emre; Gumus, Aysegul
Pomegranate peel is one of the wastes generated in large quantities in the food industry and ellagic acid is a natural bioactive phenolic compound in pomegranate peel. In this study, high-purity and low-cost ellagic acid was produced by acid hydrolyze process from pomegranate peel and characterization, in vitro bioaccessibility, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activity of the ellagic acid nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin and soy lecithin were studied. The extract yield and purity of ellagic acid was 6.47 and 88.74%, respectively. Results showed that lecithin coated samples were more stable with - 43.16 mV zeta potential and had higher encapsulation efficiency (99.29%) compared to maltodextrin. However, coated samples with maltodextrin had higher production efficiency (91.40%) and loading capacity (54.70%). The thermal resistance of ellagic acid after the nanoencapsulation process was significantly raised. The ellagic acid nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin had higher bioaccessibility (80.22%) and solubility in biological buffers (64.00-98.20%). The alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitiory activities of the ellagic acid decreased after the encapsulation process. However, the alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of the nanoencapsulated materials were higher than acarbose as a positive control. As a result, thermal resistance, solubility in a biological medium, and bioaccessibility of ellagic acid after nanoencapsulation with maltodextrin can be increased. Thus, the use of ellagic acid nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin in the food, cosmetic, and pharmacological industries can be diversified.
Determination of the Bioaccessibility and Antidiabetic Properties of Pomegranate Peels
(Springer, 2021) Okumus, Emine; Bakkalbasi, Emre
In recent years, consumption of pomegranate products have increased with the understanding of its benefits to human health, and pomegranate peel has become one of the most common wastes in the food industry. In this study, some physicochemical, antioxidant, in vitro bioaccessibility and antidiabetic properties of peels of Hicaz, Devedisi, and Zivzik pomegranate varieties were determined. The average values of total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, Punicalagin A, Punicalagin B, Ellagic acid, DPPH and ABTS of pomegranate peels were 26916.66 mg GA eq./100 g dw, 17316.37 mg QE/100 g dw, 15847.74 mg/100 g dw, 14693.31 mg/100 g dw, 783.82 mg/100 g dw, 188.59 mmol Trol. eq./g dw, and 99.01 mmol Trol. eq./g dw respectively. Their average values in vitro bioaccessibilities were 43.13, 27.82, 62.61, 73.79, 16.96, 57.22 and 31.71%, respectively. It was determined that the initial total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ellagic acid and antioxidant activity levels of the samples significantly decreased after digestion. Nevertheless, bioaccessibility of Punicalagin A and Punicalagin B significantly protected after digestion. alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of pomegranate peels range from 0.06 to 0.14 mg/L and 3.01 to 3.64 mg/L respectively. It was determined that all three varieties showed higher antidiabetic activity compared to acarbose. As a result, pomegranate peel ellagitannins after in vitro digestion had high bioaccessibility. Pomegranate peel with high antioxidant and antidiabetic activities is a natural source that can be used in the pharmacology, food and cosmetics industry.
The Effect of Bioactive Compounds of Prunus Spinosa Leaves and Flowers Mixture on The Antioxidant Capacity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
(Publ House Bulgarian Acad Sci, 2022) Temiz, Mehmet Ali; Okumus, Emine
Diabetes is a serious and chronic public health problem worldwide. Hyper-glycemia leads to the production of free radicals thus impairing oxidant/anti-oxidant balance and causing various complications in diabetes. Herbs can pro-vide natural remedies against various diseases in traditional medicine. Phyto-chemicals especially phenolic compounds have some biological properties such as antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. Plant parts of Prunus spinosa are used in traditional medicine against various disorders. This study evaluated the mixture of Prunus spinosa leaves and flowers extract (PSE) on the antioxidant capacity in diabetes. The phenolic profile of PSE was determined by HPLC method. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated with radical scavenging activities as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content. Seven random groups (n = 8) of rats were constituted to evaluate the antioxidant capacity - control, dia-betic, PSE25, PSE50, insulin, metformin, and acarbose. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. Chlorogenic acid and ellagic acid were found to be the main compound in the mixture of P. spinosa leaves and flowers extract. Antioxidant capacity of PSE exhibited effective radical scavenging activity. Although oxidative stress seri-ously increased in diabetes, PSE25 and PSE50 supplementation significantly recuperated liver antioxidant status. In conclusion, PSE markedly has antioxi-dant capacity through its high phenolic compounds, thus PSE treatment may have potential antioxidant effects for health benefits in diabetes.
Effect of Ultrasonic and Conventional Extraction on Bioactive Components, Glucosinolate Content and Antidiabetic Activity of Crambe Tataria
(Elsevier, 2024) Okumus, Emine
This study was conducted to determine and compare the phenolic compounds, glucosinolate contents and antidiabetic effects of the extracts obtained by ultrasonic and conventional extraction method of the leaves and flowers of the Crambe tataria. . The highest antioxidant activity (12.95 mg/mL IC50 50 value) and total phenolic content (1313.57 mg GAE/100 g fw) were detected in the ultrasonic flower extract. In total flavonoid results, extracts obtained from the flower part of C. tataria had higher values than that of extracts obtained from the leaf part. The most abundant phenolic component in the flower extract was catechin. The highest catechin content in all samples was detected in the ultrasonic flower extract with a value of 374.37 mg/kg. Rutin was the dominant phenolic component in the leaf extract. Rutin values were 654.38 mg/kg and 757.30 mg/kg for conventional and ultrasonic extraction, respectively. In glucosinolate analysis, the highest glucoraphanin content was obtained in flower samples and by conventional extraction method (3466.84 mg/kg). The highest contents of sinigrin (689.97 mg/kg), glucotropaeolin (420.89 mg/kg), glucoerucin (357.27 mg/kg), glucoraphasatin (181.11 mg/kg) and gluconasturtin (66.07 mg/kg) were detected in ultrasonic flower extracts. The highest alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition effects belonged to the ultrasonic flower extract with values of 3.70 mg/mL and 4.89 mg/mL, respectively. As a result, this study determined for the first time that ultrasonic extraction of C. tataria flowers has much higher bioactive components and antidiabetic effects, revealing the potential use of this plant in the fields of medicine, pharmacology and chemistry.
Ellagitannins Loaded Maltodextrin and -Lecithin Nanoparticles: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic Activity, and Bioaccessibility Under In-Vitro Digestion
(M H Schaper Gmbh Co Kg, 2022) Okumus, Emine; Bakkalbasi, Emre
In recent years, the evaluation of by-products from agricultural and food processing has become very important. However, the biological activity of these components decreases as a result of the losses that occur during the applied processes and metabolism activities. In this study, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity, antidiabetic properties, and bioaccessibilities of pomegranate peel ellagitannins nanoencapsulated with maltodextrin and soy lecithin were investigated. Results showed that significant increases were obtained in the solubility in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. There was a decrease in the total phenolic content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity values of the nanoparticles compared to the core material due to the nanoencapsulation process. In addition, all samples showed higher antidiabetic activity compared to acarbose. As a result, the nanoparticles have the potential to be a natural resource that can be used in the pharmacology, food, and cosmetics industries with their high ellagic acid (EA) bioaccessibility, antidiabetic activities, and increased solubility.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Anti-Lipid Peroxidation Effect and Elemental Impurity Risk of Some Wild Agaricus Species Mushrooms
(BMC, 2025) Okumus, Emine; Canbolat, Fadime; Acar, Ismail
BackgroundMushrooms are natural antioxidant sources that have been consumed as food from past to present and have a nutraceutical effect thanks to the bioactive components they contain. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition effect of three mushroom species (A. bernardii, A. bresadolanus and A. cupreobrunneus) belonging to the Agaricus genus and to perform the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risk assessment of toxic elements such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in mushrooms.ResultsThe highest antioxidant activity (12.85 mg/mL), TPC (993.04 mg GAE/100 g), and LPO inhibition effect (2.50 mg/mL) were detected in A. bresadolanus mushroom. The lowest content of bioactive compounds was measured in A. cupreobrunneus mushroom. The range of Cd, Pb, As, and Hg levels detected in the three mushroom species were 1775.54-7521.61 mu g/kg, 1176.87-2377.37 mu g/kg, 15201.26-3092.53 mu g/kg and 147.86-576.53 mu g/kg, respectively. The THQ value of As in A. bresadolanus was found to be higher than 1. The HI values of A. bernardii, A. cupreobrunneus and A. bresadolanu were 1.29, 0.98 and 5.57, respectively. The CR values of Cd, As, and Hg were found to be around 10- 4 in A. bernardii, A. cupreobrunneus, and A. bresadolanus. Meanwhile, the CR levels of Pb were found to be around 10- 6 in the three mushrooms. The HI value for non-carcinogenic risk assessment was higher than 1, and the CR for carcinogenic effect was around 10- 4, indicating that consumption of these mushrooms poses a risk to human health.ConclusionsIt is thought that the elemental impurity levels in the analysed edible mushroom species were found to be at a risk potential level, and despite their antioxidant properties, uncontrolled consumption of wild edible mushrooms may cause serious risks. In order to minimize these risks, metal risk assessment studies should be continued in addition to the antioxidant effects and health-beneficial properties of mushrooms.
Farklı Kurutma İşlemlerinin Nar Pres Atıklarının Antioksidan ve Antidiyabetik Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi
(2023) Okumus, Emine
Günümüzde meyve tüketiminin sağlığa faydalı etkilerinin anlaşılmasıyla birlikte nar tüketimi giderek artmış ve meyvenin ayıklanması sonrasında ortaya çıkan kabuk ve çekirdek kısımlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla çözüm yöntemleri aranmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, farklı kurutma yöntemlerinin (mikrodalga, etüv ve dondurarak kurutma) ve farklı ekstraksiyon solventlerinin (etanol ve metanol) nar pres atıklarının antioksidan ve antidiyabetik aktivitesi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. En yüksek toplam fenolik madde içeriği (TPC) dondurarak kurutulmuş metanolik ekstraktlarda (5758.70 mg GAE/100 g), en yüksek toplam flavonoid madde içeriği (TFC) ve toplam monomerik antosiyanin (MA) içerikleri mikrodalgada kurutulmuş etanolik ekstraktlarda sırasıyla 1068.75 mg QE/100 g dw ve 215.44 mg cyn-3-glu/100 g olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm örnekler akarboza kıyasla daha yüksek α-glukozidaz inhibitör aktiviteye sahipti. Sonuçlar, gıda endüstrisinde kullanım imkânı bulunmadığı düşünülen nar pres atıklarının yüksek antioksidan ve antidiyabetik özellikleri sayesinde gıda takviyesi olarak kullanımının yanı sıra farmakoloji ve kozmetik endüstrilerinde de kullanılabilecek potansiyel bir kaynak olduğunu göstermiştir.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Hebeloma Excedens Mushroom Extract as a New Source: Anti-Lipid Peroxidation, Bioaccessibility and Antidiabetic Properties
(Springer, 2024) Okumus, Emine
A traditional source of natural bioactive compounds, mushrooms are used to synthesize biomaterials, thanks to their potential applications in the medicine, pharmacology and cosmetics industries. In this study, the vitamin C and E contents of the Hebeloma excedens mushroom species were determined as 64.2 mg/g and 38.6 mg/g, respectively. In the mineral substance analysis, the highest amount of magnesium (32.16 mg/g) and trace amounts of iron (0.22 mg/g) were detected. In the nanoparticles (AgNPs/He) synthesized using this mushroom species, the colour of the mixture first changed to dark brown and exhibited maximum absorption at 428 nm, corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed the binding properties of the biocomponents responsible for coating and stabilizing the nanoparticles. The resulting nanostructures were much more stable than the mushroom extract and showed strong antioxidant activity (22.93 mg/ml). A significant decrease in phenolic compounds was observed after the gastrointestinal digestion process applied to the mushroom extract and AgNPs/He samples (p < 0.05). However, a significant increase in the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds was detected in AgNPs/He particles (p < 0.05). It was determined that there was a significant increase in the thermal stability, inhibition against lipid peroxidation (6.64 mg/ml) and antidiabetic activities (29.20 mg/ml) of silver structures synthesized using the green synthesis method. As a result, the existence and current potential of a new biomaterial suitable for cost-effective and large-scale production in the synthesis of AgNPs/He has been demonstrated for the first time.
Hazelnut By-Products as a Valuable Resource: Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition Effect, Bioaccessibility and Antidiabetic Properties
(Elsevier, 2025) Okumus, Emine; Temiz, Mehmet Ali
The aim of this study is to determine the chemical and molecular properties of hazelnut by-products, to measure the bioaccessibility values of phenolic compounds found in the structure of these wastes and to reveal their antidiabetic and lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition effects. The highest moisture and protein content were found in skin samples with 6.33% and 7.70%, respectively. The predominant fatty acid in hazelnut skin is oleic acid, which constitutes 78.65% of the total fatty acid composition. The highest antioxidant activity value was measured in the shell with an IC50 value of 19.08 mg/mL. The sample with the highest content of gallic acid and protocatechuic acid content was the skin extract. The dominant phenolic component in the shell and husk samples was kaempferol, while in the skin sample it was rutin. Shell bioaccessibility was found to be much higher for o-coumaric acid (45.83%), rutin (49.25%) and kaempferol (46.32%) components. The bioaccessibility of the shell sample in total phenolic concentration was measured as 45.87%. The highest LPO inhibition value belonged to the shell sample with an IC50 of 4.50 mg/mL, while the lowest value belonged to the husk sample with an IC50 value of 25.03 mg/mL. The highest antidiabetic effect was observed in the shell sample with values of 3.55 mg/ mL and 25.44 mg/mL for alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition, respectively. The highest recovery belonged to 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid in the skin sample. As a result, it was concluded that hazelnut by-products, especially the shell, exhibit high antioxidant effects, have antidiabetic and LPO inhibition properties thanks to their bioactive components and high bioaccessibility values. Thus, they have valuable usage opportunities in the fields of food, pharmacology and medicine.
Kısa Süreli Hiperglisemide Prunus Spinosa Tarafından Bağışıklık Sistemi ve Hemogram Parametrelerinin Modülasyonu
(2023) Temiz, Mehmet Ali; Okumus, Emine
Diabetes mellitus (DM), prevalansı ve ilişkili komplikasyonları nedeniyle acil küresel dikkat gerektiren, kan glukoz düzeyi ile ilişkili kronik hastalıklardan biridir. DM, bağışıklık sistemini baskılayarak diyabette çeşitli komplikasyonların gelişiminde önemli rol oynayan oksidatif strese yol açar. Prunus spinosa, yüksek antioksidan aktivitesi sayesinde geçmişten günümüze birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma kısa süreli diyabetik durumda P. spinosa yaprak ve çiçek karışımının bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, diyabetik sıçanların karaciğer dokularında P. spinosa’nın adenozin deaminaz (ADA), ksantin oksidaz (XO) ve miyeloperoksidaz (MPO) aktiviteleri ve hemogram parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla biri kontrol, diğerleri altı diyabetik grup olmak üzere 7 gruba ayrılan 56 Wistar albino erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Bu gruplardan ikisine farklı konsantrasyonlarda (25 ve 50 mg/kg canlı ağırlık) bitki ekstraktı verildi ve sonuçlar insülin, metformin ve akarboz grupları ile karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar, uygulanan her iki dozun diyabetin neden olduğu değişen hematolojik parametreler üzerinde modüle edici bir etkiye sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Tedavi grupları, diyabetik gruba kıyasla ADA, XO ve MPO aktivitelerini önemli ölçüde azalttı. PSE50’nin etkilerinin diğer tüm tedavi gruplarından daha etkili olduğu bulundu. Bitkinin diyabetteki bu etkileri, terapötik immün düzenleyici potansiyeline bağlı olabilir. Sonuç olarak P. spinosa, diyabet üzerinde bir adjuvan olarak değerli bir kaynak olabilir.
A Novel Coating Material: Ellagitannins-Loaded Maltodextrin and Lecithin-Based Nanomaterials
(Elsevier, 2021) Okumus, Emine; Bakkalbasi, Emre; Javidipour, Issa; Meral, Raciye; Ceylan, Zafer
This study aimed to create nanoparticles using maltodextrin and lecithin coating materials from the extract of ellagitannins obtained from pomegranate peels. The nanoparticles were further characterized by FT-IR, SEM and TGA. The initial average molecular diameter of the ET was 47.02 +/- 31.0 mu m. After the nanoencapsulation process, the average molecular diameters of ETM and ETL samples were determined as 371.84 +/- 229.75 nm and 339.02 +/- 215.29 nm, respectively. Punicalagin A, Punicalagin B and Ellagic acid were determined as the dominant phenolics in pomegranate peels. It was observed that lecithin coated nanoparticles showed high stability with -57.60 mV zeta potential compared to maltodextrin coated ones, and had higher encapsulation efficiency in punicalagin A, punicalagin B and ellagic acid phenolics. On the other hand, maltodextrin coated samples showed higher production efficiency (86.34%) and loading capacity (57.91%) than those of lecithin. It was understood that the tested coating materials had a significant effect on the color values of the nanoparticles. In addition, a significant increase in thermal stability of nanoparticles formed with both coating materials was detected. As a result, the stability, efficiency, and thermal resistance of ellagitannins significantly increased with the applied nanoencapsulation process.
Production of Spreadable Cheese Without Emulsifying Salt: Addition of Black Carrot Concentrate
(M H Schaper Gmbh Co Kg, 2020) Okumus, Emine; Ayar, Ahmet
In this study, spreadable cheeses were produced without the use of melting salt. Cheese samples were produced under negative control, positive control (with 2 % w/w strawberry powder and 3 % w/w sugar) and with the addition of two different percentages of black carrot concentrate (5 % and 10 %). Samples were both packaged with the vacuum and non-vacuum packaging system. Within a 45 days storage period, the physicochemical, textural, and sensorial properties, and the effect of packaging on the sample properties were simultaneously investigated. According to the ascertained results; cheese samples with fruit concentrate were found to be more favourable in terms of sensorial and textural. The addition of fruit concentrate was aimed to make cheese consumption more popular especially among children.
Reduction of Bitterness in Green Walnuts by Conventional and Ultrasound-Assisted Maceration
(Elsevier, 2020) Ugurlu, Serdar; Okumus, Emine; Bakkalbasi, Emre
The efficiency of conventional and ultrasound-assisted maceration was investigated in comparison to reduce the bitterness of green walnuts. Conventional maceration was studied at room temperature for 6, 8 and 10 days while ultrasound-assisted maceration (20 kHz, %100 of amplitude) was performed at 36 degrees C for 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 h. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of green walnuts were decreased by reduction of bitterness. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of green walnut jams prepared from debittered green walnuts by ultrasound-assisted maceration were higher than those of conventional maceration excluding ellagic acid only. Based on findings of sensory analyses, bitterness level was similar in green walnut jams prepared by ultrasound-assisted maceration for 12 h and conventional maceration for 6 days. On the other hand, green walnut jams processed by ultrasound-assisted maceration for 12 h led to the highest general acceptance. It was concluded that ultrasound-assisted maceration may provide better nutritional and sensory quality in green walnut jam. In addition, the time required for reduction of bitterness may be shortened from days to hours by ultrasound-assisted maceration.
Van İli Kentsel Alanda Takviye Edici Gıdaların Kullanımı ve Tüketicilerin Bilinç Düzeyi
(2020) Bakkalbaşı, Emre; Doğan, Serkan; Okumus, Emine; Cavıdoglu, Isa
Bu çalışmada Van ili kentsel alanda bölge halkının takviye edici gıda ürünlerini kullanım durumu ve bu düşüncelerini etkileyen faktörler araştırılmıştır. Çalışma; 2019 yılı Ocak, Şubat ve Mart aylarında Van ilinin merkez üç ilçesi olan İpekyolu, Tuşba ve Edremit'te 18 yaş üstü 396 katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan ankette katılımcıların bazı demografik ve sosyo ekonomik özelliklerinin takviye edici gıda tüketimine etkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada takviye edici gıda kullanım oranı tüm katılımcılar arasında %36.6 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Takviye edici gıdaların ne olduğunu bilmeyenlerin içinde daha önce takviye edici gıda kullanmış olanların oranı ise %32.1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların gelir ve eğitim durumu arttıkça takviye edici gıda kullanım oranlarının da arttığı tespit edilmiştir. En çok tüketilen takviye edici gıdanın %43.7 oranıyla vitamin/multivitamin grubu olduğu belirlenmiştir.