Browsing by Author "Yaman, Turan"

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Ameliorative Effects of Nettle (Urtica Dioica) Seed Extract on Methotrexate-Induced Hepatorenal Damage in Rats
(2025) Dogan, Abdulahad; Celik, Ismail; Uslu, Sema; Uyar, Ahmet; Yaman, Turan; Uyar, Şule
In this study, it was aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of Urtica dioica seed (UDS) oil on hepatorenal damage induced by methotrexate in rats. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Control, Methotrexate (MTX, 20 mg/kg i.p.), UDS (30 ml/kg feed containing UDS), and MTX+UDS (20 mg/kg i.p. + 30 ml/kg feed containing UDS oil, respectively). At the end of the six-week study, the MTX-treated group demonstrated elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum and increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney, and blood tissues. However, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (apart from erythrocytes) showed a significant decrease (p<0.005). The MTX group's liver and erythrocyte tissues showed a significant decrease in glutathione reductase (GR) activity compared to the control. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in the MTX group as compared to the control. The co-administration of MTX+UDS decreased liver MDA concentration and the levels of the enzymes AST, ALT, and LDH compared to the MTX group. On the other hand, there was an increase in kidney glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and GSH levels. Histopathological investigation revealed that pellets containing UDS oil significantly reduced the degenerative and necrotic changes that MTX had generated in the liver and kidney, including parenchymal and hydropic degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining showed that caspase 3, a marker of apoptosis, decreased significantly with the administration of UDS oil. In conclusion, MTX-induced hepatorenal damage was either prevented or greatly decreased by UDS oil.
Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect of Oriental Hackberry (Celtis Tournefortii L.) Against Cci4 Injury in Rat Liver
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2019) Temiz, Mehmet Ali; Temur, Atilla; Surucu, Mustafa; Yaman, Turan
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Celtis tournefortii leaf extract (Ct) against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups (n = 8): control, CCl4 group, CCl4 + Celtis group (CCl4 + Ct), and Celtis group (Ct). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH) level, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed in the liver tissues. Liver enzymes were assayed in the serum. The liver histopathology was also evaluated. The levels of alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase significantly decreased in the CCl4 + Ct group in comparison with those in the CCl4 group. SOD and GPx activities and TAS increased significantly with CCl4 + Ct administration when compared with the administration of CCl4 alone. The oxidative stress parameters, such as MDA and TOS, showed a reduction when Ct treatment was applied to the CCl4-induced group. The results revealed that Celtis remarkably attenuated the degenerative and necrotic changes caused by CCl4 in the liver tissues. Consequently, the Ct may augment the antioxidant status and moderated the severity of CCl4-induced liver damage. The therapeutic use of Celtis tournefortii might be effective in the treatment of liver injuries.
Arı Ekmeğinin (Perga) Kadmiyuma Maruz Kalan Sıçan Böbreğindeki Histopatolojik Değişiklikler ve Apoptoz Belirteçlerinin İmmünohistokimyasal Ekspresyonu Üzerine Etkisi
(2024) Akkoyun, Turan; Keles, Omer Faruk; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoğlu; Yaman, Turan
Kadmiyum (Cd), insanlarda ve hayvanlarda çeşitli organlarda toksisiteye neden olan çevresel ve endüstriyel bir kirleticidir. Arı ekmeği (perga), çok çeşitli farmakolojik özelliklere sahip doğal bir flavonoiddir. Bu çalışma, perganın Cd kaynaklı nefrotoksisite üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Otuz iki adet erkek Wistar sıçanı kontrol grubu, Cd grubu (5 mg/kg/gün, oral), Perga grubu (0.5 g/kg/gün, oral) ve Cd+Perga grubu olmak üzere rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. 28 günlük deneme süresi sonunda böbrek dokusu örnekleri alınarak histopatolojik, immünohistokimyasal ve biyokimyasal analizler yapıldı. Histopatolojik olarak Cd grubunda, Cd maruziyeti sonucu ciddi tübüler ve glomerüler hasar meydana geldi. İmmünohistokimyasal olarak Cd grubunda böbrek dokusunda caspas-3 ve Bax ekspresyonunda artış vardı. Biyokimyasal sonuçlara göre Cd grubunda katalaz, süperoksit dismutaz ve glutatyon peroksidaz antioksidan enzim seviyeleri azalırken, malondialdehit seviyeleri arttı. Ancak yukarıda belirtilen Cd'nin neden olduğu değişikliklerin çoğu, Perga + Cd grubunda perga tedavisiyle azaldı. Sonuç olarak, perga takviyesi böbrek dokusunda apoptozun inhibisyonu yoluyla Cd kaynaklı böbrek hasarını hafifletebilir.
Assessment of the Effect of Sodium Tetraborate on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Lead-Induced Nephrotoxicity
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Yaman, Turan; Akkoyun, H. Turan; Akkoyun, Mahire Bayramoglu; Karagozoglu, Fatma; Melek, Sule; Keles, Omer Faruk; Bengu, Aydin Sukru
Exposure to Pb, a toxic heavy metal, is a risk factor for renal damage. Borax, an essential trace element in cellular metabolism, is a naturally occurring compound found in many foods. This study investigated the effects of sodium tetraborate (ST), a source of borax, on renal oxidative stress and inflammation in rats exposed to Pb. Wistar Albino rats (n = 24) were divided into four groups: Control (0.5 mL, i.p. isotonic), Pb (50 mg/kg/day/i.p.), ST (4.0 mg/kg/day/oral), and Pb + ST groups. At the end of the five-day experimental period, kidney tissue samples were obtained and analyzed. Histopathologically, the Pb-induced damage observed in the Pb group improved in the Pb + ST group. Immunohistochemically, Pb administration increased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and caspase-3. When evaluated biochemically, Pb application inhibited catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities and activated superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. An increase in malondialdehyde levels was considered an indicator of damage. ST application increases glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity and decreased malondialdehyde levels. These results indicate that ST might play a protective role against Pb-induced renal damage via the upregulation of renal tissue antioxidants and cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and caspase-3 immunoexpression.
Chemopreventive Efficacy of Juniper Berry Oil (Juniperus Communis L.) on Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rat
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Yaman, Turan; Uyar, Ahmet; Komuroglu, Ahmet Ufuk; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit
The aim of this study was to investigate the chemopreventive effects of juniper berry (JB) oil on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were allocated into four groups: Control, AOM, AOM?+?JB, and JB groups. Whereas the control group was fed with standard pellet feed, the AOM and AOM?+?JB groups were administered of AOM (15?mg/kg body weight) subcutaneously once every 2 weeks for 10?weeks. AOM?+?JB and JB groups additionally received JB oil (100??l/kg) orally. At the end of the 16-week experimental period, blood and tissue samples were obtained from the rats following necropsy. The macroscopic findings showed that the application of JB oil significantly decreased adenoma and adenocarcinoma formation both numerically and dimensionally. Immunohistochemically, CEA, COX-2, and Ki-67 immune-expressions decreased, and the immune-expression of caspase-3 increased in AOM?+?JB treated rats. Additionally, JB oil supplementation ameliorated antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation within the colon tissue of AOM?+?JB treated rats. These results reveal that the JB oil acted as a chemopreventive dietary agent, inhibiting cell proliferation and COX-2 expression and inducing apoptosis, resulting in a significant reduction in colon tumor formation.
Comparative Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Effects of Three Orally Administered Fluoroquinolones in Rats
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Yaman, Turan; Donmez, Fatih; Dogan, Abdulahad; Battal, Abdulhamit
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are potent, broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotics commonly used to treat infections in both humans and animals. Despite their therapeutic efficacy, their potential reproductive toxicity remains a concern. This study aimed to evaluate the histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical effects of three FQ derivatives-ciprofloxacin (CIP), levofloxacin (LVX), and moxifloxacin (MXF)-on the testicular tissue of rats over different time intervals. Seventy-two male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 18): Control, CIP (80 mg/kg), LVX (40 mg/kg), and MXF (40 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally, and testicular samples were collected at three time points (Day 1, 7, and 14). Histopathological evaluation was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression was assessed immunohistochemically. Biochemical analyses included measurements of malondyaldehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) levels. FQ exposure led to variable degrees of testicular degeneration and significantly increased COX-2 expression in the testis. MXF administration caused a time-dependent reduction in MDA levels. ADA activity was significantly elevated in the CIP group on Day 1 and in the LVX group on Day 14. AChE levels were notably increased in both the LVX and MXF groups on Day 1 compared to controls. These findings suggest that FQ derivatives may exert time-dependent degenerative and inflammatory effects on testicular tissue, highlighting their potential risk for male reproductive toxicity.
Comparison of the Protective Effects of Curcumin and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Against Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Toxicity
(Wiley, 2021) Huyut, Zubeyir; Alp, Hamit Hakan; Yaman, Turan; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit; Turkan, Fikret; Ayengin, Kemal
Whether testicular toxicity is mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is an important question that has not been examined. This study investigated the suppressive effect of curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and whether MMPs mediate doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular injury. Male rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 8 per group). The groups were as follows: sham, dimethyl sulphoxide (100 mu L), DOX (3 mg/kg), CAPE (2.68 mg/kg), curcumin (30 mg/kg), DOX+CAPE (3 mg/kg DOX and 2.68 mg/kg CAPE), DOX+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX and 30 mg/kg curcumin) and DOX+CAPE+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX, 2.68 mg/kg CAPE and 30 mg/kg curcumin). Injections were administered daily for 21 days. The oxidative stress, MMPs, proinflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the DOX group were higher than the sham group (p < .05); these measures were lower in the groups treated with CAPE and curcumin together with DOX compared with the DOX group (p < .05). The results showed that MMPs mediated DOX-induced testicular injury, but CAPE and especially curcumin suppressed testis injury and cell apoptosis by suppressing DOX-induced increases in MMPs, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. However, curcumin exhibited more pronounced effects than CAPE in terms of all studied parameters.
Congenital Extraneural Hemangioblastoma in a Lamb
(Sage Publications inc, 2019) Yaman, Turan; Karasu, Abdullah; Uyar, Ahmet; Kuscu, Yagmur; Keles, Omer Faruk
A 1-mo-old Ivesi male lamb was presented with 2 large red masses on the skin of the left ear. The tumors were removed using gentle dissection and submitted for histologic evaluation. The tumors consisted of numerous thin-walled capillaries lined by endothelial cells and nests of stromal cells. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were positive for CD45, and the stromal cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase. GFAP-positive cells were occasionally present within the tumor. Endothelial and stromal cells were negative for S100, CD34, CD31, and factor VIII-related antigen. The tumor had strong gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical similarities with human extraneural hemangioblastoma.
Deneysel Diyabetik Ratlarda Ardıç (Juniperus Communis L.) Yağının Nefropati Üzerine Etkileri
(2018) Yaman, Turan; Kömüroğlu, Ahmet Ufuk
Hiperglisemi aracılı oksidatif stres diyabetik nefropatinin (DN) patogenezinde önemli bir rol oynar. Bu çalışmada, streptozotosin (STZ) ile indüklenmiş diyabetik ratlarda ardıç (Juniper berry; JB) yağının renoprotektif etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, 40 adet erkek Wistar albino rat rastgele seçilerek; kontrol, diyabetes mellitus (DM), DM+akarboz, DM+ardıç yağı ve ardıç yağı olmak üzere beş gruba ayrıldı. Deneysel diyabet, tek dozluk (55 mg/kg, periton içi [i.p]) STZ enjeksiyonu ile oluşturuldu. DM+ardıç ve ardıç grubu ratların yemlerine 50 ml/kg JB yağı katılarak verildi. 28 günlük deneme süresi sonunda ratlar sakrifiye edilerek kan ve doku örnekleri alındı. Böbrek dokusunda histopatolojik değişiklikler, immunohistokimyasal olarak caspase-3 (Kaspaz-3) ekspresyonu, biyokimyasal olarak malondialdehit (MDA) ve glutasyon (GSH) konsantrasyonları ve katalaz aktiviteleri çalışıldı. Serumda ise üre ve kreatinin düzeyleri incelendi. DM grubu ratlarda, histopatolojik olarak tubulus epitel hücrelerinde dejenerasyon ve nekroz, glomerular yapıda bozulma gözlemlenirken, immunohistokimyasal olarak tubul epitel hücrelerinde caspase-3 immun reaktivitesi yüksek saptandı. Biyokimyasal olarak DM grubu ratların böbrek dokusunda, MDA konsantrasyonu kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek ve GSH konsantrasyonu ve katalaz aktivitesi anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu. Ayrıca DM grubunda serum üre ve kreatinin konsantrasyonları kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. DM+ardıç grubu ratlarda ise, ardıç tedavisi sonucu histopatolojik değişikliklerin düzeldiği, caspase-3 immun reaktivitesinin azaldığı ve biyokimyasal parametrelerin iyileştiği tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, ardıç yağının denysel diyabetik ratlarda böbreği koruyucu etkileri olduğu belirlendi.
Deneysel Ülseratif Kolit Üzerine Yüksek Karbonhidratlı, Yüksek Yağlı ve Aralıklı Beslemenin Etkisi
(2018) Yaman, Turan; Emlik, Hüseyin; Uyar, Ahmet
Bu çalışmada, dünyada görülme sıklığı artan inflamatuvar bağırsak hastalıklarının (İBH) bir tanesi olan Ülseratif kolit (ÜK)hastalığının Wistar albino türü ratlarda deneysel oluşumu üzerine beslenme şekli ve sıklığının karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmasıamaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla; Kontrol (n=7), Kolit (n=7), Kolit-Yüksek Karbonhidratlı Diyet (K-YKD) (n=7), Kolit–Yüksek KarbonhidratlıAralıklı Diyet (K-YKAD) (n=7), Kolit–Yüksek Yağlı Diyet (K-YYD) (n=7), Kolit-Yüksek Yağlı Aralıklı Diyet (K-YYAD) (n=7) olacak şekildeçalışma grupları oluşturuldu. Gruplardan aralıklı besleme gruplarına haftada sadece 2 gün (ardarda olmayan) diyet verilmesine 24 saatara verildi. 7 haftalık beslemeden sonra deneysel kolit modeli; kolit ve tedavi gruplarındaki (Kolit, K-YKD, K-YKAD, K-YYD, K-YYAD)ratlara anestezi altında 30o trendelenburg pozisyonunda 8 mm’lik kateterin rektal yoldan 8 cm ileriye asetik asidin (pH 2.4, % 4)intrarektal (i.r.) olarak uygulanması ile oluşturuldu. 72 saat sonra ratlar sakrifiye edilerek histopatolojik örnekler %10 tamponluformaldehite alındı. Histopatolojik incelemelere göre asetik asitin ciddi kolit hasarlarına neden olduğu buna karşın aralıklı olarak verilendiyet gruplarında bu hasarların oldukça minimal düzeyde kaldığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak kolit modelinde aralıklı diyet uygulamasınınolumlu etkileri olduğu kanısına varıldı.
Detection of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Pasteurella Multocida, and Mannheimia Haemolytica by Immunohistochemical Method in Naturally-Infected Cattle
(Walter de Gruyter Gmbh, 2018) Yaman, Turan; Buyubayram, Huseyin; Ozyildiz, Zafer; Terzi, Funda; Uyar, Ahmet; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the predisposing effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on Pasteurella spp. infection in naturally-induced pneumonia in cattle by immunohistochemical labelling. Material and Methods: Lungs of cattle slaughtered in the slaughterhouse were examined macroscopically, and 100 pneumonic samples were taken. The samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin by routine methods. Sections 5 mu m in thickness were cut. The streptavidin-peroxidase method (ABC) was used to stain the sections for immuno-histochemical examination. Results: BRSV antigens were found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoles and within inflammatory cell debris and inflammatory exudate in bronchial lumens. Pasteurella spp. antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of bronchi and bronchioles, and in cells in the lumens of bronchi and bronchioles. Eleven cases were positive for only one pathogen (six for BRSV and five for Pasteurella spp.), while 35 cases were positive for 2 pathogens: BRSV plus P. multocida (n = 21) or M. haemolytica (n = 14). Conclusion: The presence of high levels of BRSV in dual infections indicates that BSRV may be the main pneumonia-inducing agent and an important predisposing factor for the formation of Pasteurella spp. infections in cattle naturally afflicted with pneumonia.
Diaphragmatic Hernia in a Sheep - a Case Report
(Univ Zagreb vet Faculty, 2018) Simsek, Aynur; Yaman, Turan; Icen, Hasan; Kochan, Akin
A two-year-old sheep was referred to the clinics of the Department of Internal Medicine of Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, with signs of anorexia, abdominal tympany and constipation. The clinical examination of the animal revealed the presence of respiratory failure associated with weaker lung sounds on the right side of the body when compared to the left side. There were no ruminal movements, and when the rumen was probed with a stomach tube, no ruminal content was obtained. The animal was euthanized upon the request of the owner, and a necropsy was performed. At necropsy, it was observed that the left hepatic lobe had protruded into the thoracic cavity through a defect in the diaphragm, and that a diaphragmatic hernia had developed.
Diyabetik Ratlarda Arı Ekmeği (Perga)'nın Antidiyabetik Etkisinin Histopatolojik, İmmunohistokimyasal ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması
(2025) Çubukçu, Mehmet; Yaman, Turan
Bu çalışmada, streptozotosin (STZ) ile oluşturulan deneysel diyabet modelinde arı ekmeğinin (perga) antidiyabetik potansiyelinin histopatolojik, immünohistokimyasal ve biyokimyasal olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 40 adet erkek Wistar albino sıçanı rastgele beş gruba ayrılmıştır: Kontrol, perga (0,5 g/kg), STZ (STZ, 55 mg/kg), STZ + perga (STZ, 55 mg/kg + Perga, 0,5 g/kg) ve STZ + Akarboz (STZ, 55 mg/kg + Akarboz, 20 mg/kg). Diyabet, tek doz STZ enjeksiyonu [55 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)] ile indüklenmiştir. Perga ve akarboz uygulamaları deney süresi boyunca günlük olarak gastrik gavaj yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney süresince belirli aralıklarla kuyruk veninden kan glukoz düzeyleri ölçülmüş; deney sonunda pankreas dokuları histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca serumda ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, total kolesterol, trigliserid, kreatinin, üre ve glukoz düzeyleri analiz edilmiştir. STZ uygulaması, pankreas dokusunda belirgin histopatolojik lezyonlara ve immunohistokimyasal olarak insülin ekspresyonunda anlamlı azalmaya yol açmıştır. Biyokimyasal analizlerde diyabete bağlı olarak önemli değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. Perga uygulaması, hiperglisemiyi baskılayarak kan glukoz düzeylerinde azalma sağlamış; pankreatik histopatolojik bulgularda ve insülin immunekspresyonunda iyileştirici etkiler göstermiştir. Ancak, perga ile tedavi grubunda karaciğer enzim düzeylerinde olumsuz değişiklikler saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, perganın STZ ile oluşturulan deneysel diyabet modelinde potansiyel antidiyabetik etkiler gösterebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, karaciğer üzerine gözlemlenen etkiler dikkate alındığında, perganın antidiyabetik etkinliğinin ve güvenirliliğinin daha ileri çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir
Effects of Licorice Root (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) Extract on the Livers of Obese Rats
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Uyar, Ahmet; Ozdere, Baris; Yaman, Turan; Komuroglu, Ahmet Ufuk
We have investigated anti-obesity effects of the extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root in rats with diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia by using histopathological and biochemical methods. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided to four groups of eight: normal control (C), high fat diet (HFD), high fat Diet + Glycyrrhiza glabra (HFD+M), and normal diet with Glycyrrhiza glabra (M). The high fat diet contained 300 g/kg fat (4000 kcal/kg); the daily dosage of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract was 1g/kg body weight by orogastric gavage. Supplementation of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract dramatically reduced increases in body weight caused by the induction of obesity. A hepatoprotective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract was supported by the almost normal histology in the livers of the HFD+M rats, in contrast to the degenerative changes in the HFD rats, which included macrovesicular and microvesicular fat deposits, hydropic degeneration, dilatation of sinusoids and coagulation necrosis of some hepatocytes. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartic transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cholesterol (HDL and LDL) and triglycerides, were ameliorated by Glycyrrhiza glabra extract treatment. We conclude that Glycyrrhiza glabra extract given together with HFD could prevent obesity and reduce liver damage in rats.
Evaluation With Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (Enos) Immunoreactivity of the Protective Role of Astaxanthin on Hepatorenal Injury of Remote Organs Caused by Ischaemia Reperfusion of the Lower Extremities
(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2020) Uyar, Ahmet; Yaman, Turan
Introduction: Ischemia and following reperfusion triggers local and systemic damage with the involvement of free oxygen radicals and inflammatory mediators. Although blood flow saves extremity from necrosis,multi organ dysfunction may progress and cause death of the patient. Aim: The study aims to examine the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on the prevention of remote tissue injury resulting from lower extremity ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R). To elucidate the potential hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of AST, in addition to histopathological findings, the intrahepatic and intrarenal kinetics of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) during I/R were determined by using the immunohistochemical method. Material and methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. For the control group, only the anaesthesia procedure (2 h) was conducted without I/R. In the I/R group, 2 h of reperfusion was conducted following ischaemia under anaesthesia. For the I/R group + AST, 7 days prior to ischaemia, 125 mg/kg AST was given with gavage, and 2 h of ischaemia and 2 h of reperfusion were conducted under anaesthesia. Following necropsy, liver and kidney tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h for histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation. Results: The histological analysis revealed that severe I/R hepatorenal injury such as inflammatory cell infiltration, dilatation in sinusoids and lumen of tubuli, congestion in glomerular capillaries, degeneration in hepatocyte and epithelial cells of tubuli, and necrosis was ameliorated by AST. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the I/R-induced elevation in eNOS expression was reduced by AST treatment. Conclusions: In the case of acute lower extremity I/R, AST decreased the ischaemic injury in liver and renal tissues by protecting the microcirculation and providing a cytoprotective effect with vasodilatation.
Examination of Sheep in Which Injection of Yeldif® Induced Sudden Death
(Polish Soc veterinary Sciences Editorial office, 2017) Uyar, Ahmet; Yener, Zabit; Basbugan, Yildiray; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yaman, Turan
Two breeders from the Baskale district of the Van province and the Hizan district of the Bitlis province reported deaths of their lambs one day after injection of a commercial preparation containing a combination of Se and Vit E (Yeldif (R)). Purulent-hemorrhagic-necrotic myositis was detected at the injection site during necropsy of the lambs (2 animals) brought to the Pathology Department of our Faculty by these breeders. This study was conducted to determine whether these post-injection deaths occurred as a result of the drug used or due to a faulty application of the medicine by the breeders. The trial period for this study was 1 week. Eighteen 2-month-old lambs were used in this study. The lambs were divided into three groups (control and 2 study groups) of 6 lambs each. An injection of 1 ml (recommended dose) of the product purchased in the market from the same batch as the one that had caused the deaths was administered I.M. to lambs in the control group. The medicine reported to have caused the deaths by the breeders was administered to the first study group (A) at 1 ml I.M. and to the second study group (B) at 3 ml I.M. (three times the recommended dose). The lambs were bled for biochemical analysis before the administration, on the first day after the administration, and at the end of the trial. Necropsies were performed on dead animals during the trial and on all animals at the end of the trial. At the end of the trial, no clinical-pathological findings were noted in lambs of the control group and group A. However, in all lambs of group B, emphysematous gangrene was detected at the injection site. Cl. chauvoei was isolated and identified in bacteriological and cultural examinations. It was concluded that bacterial contamination occurred as a result of incorrect drug administration by the breeders and injection of a high dose of the contaminated drug.
Histopathological and Biochemical Investigation of the Effect of Capsella Bursa Pastoris L on Ethyl Alcohol-Induced Liver Injuries
(2019) Polat, Orhan; Yaman, Turan
Polat O, Çoban Çantası (Capsella Bursa-Pastoris L.) Bitkisinin Etil Alkol ile Oluşturulan Karaciğer Hasarları Üzerine Etkisinin Histopatolojik ve Biyokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Veteriner Fakültesi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Van, 2019. Sunulan bu çalışmanın amacı etil alkol ile oluşturulan karaciğer toksikasyonuna karşı çoban çantası (Capsella Bursa-Pastoris L.) bitkisi çayının koruyucu etkinliğini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla 32 adet erkek wistar albino rat rastgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu; Standart pelet yem ile beslendi. Alkol grubu; Günde bir defa 4 ml/kg % 30'luk etil alkol orogastrik gavaj ile verildi. Alkol + Çoban çantası grubu: Günde bir defa 4 ml/kg % 30'luk etil alkol ve 1 ml/kg bitki çayı günlük orogastrik gavaj ile verildi. Çoban çantası grubu; Günde bir defa 1 ml/kg bitki çayı orogastrik gavaj ile verildi. 60 günlük deneme süresi sonunda sıçanların nekropsileri yapılarak doku ve kan örnekleri alındı. Alınan doku örnekleri Hematoksilen & Eozinle (H&E) ile boyanarak histopatolojik inceleme yapıldı. Alınan kan örnekleri santrifüj edilerek serumları çıkarıldı. Serumlardan karaciğer harabiyeti serum enzimlerinden Alanin transaminaz (ALT), Aspartik transaminaz (AST), Alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve Laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) seviyeleri ve Kolesterol, Trigliserit, HDL kolesterol, LDL kolesterol ve Açlık kan şekeri (AKŞ) düzeyleri çalışıldı. Histopatolojik olarak alkol grubu ratların karaciğerlerinde meydana gelen dejeneratif-nekrotik değişikliklerin alkol + Çoban çantası grubunda kısmen azaldığı belirlendi. Biyokimyasal olarak, alkol grubunda kontrole göre artan AST, ALT ve ALP düzeylerinin alkol + Çoban çantası tedavi grubunda azaldığı görüldü. Çoban çantası çayı ile tedavinin trigliserid ve HDL düzeylerine olumlu etki ettiği görülürken, LDL ve kolesterol değerlerini olumsuz etkilediği görüldü. Sonuç olarak, çoban çantası çayı uygulamasının karaciğerde meydana gelen tahribatı azalttığı, ancak LDL ve kolesterol düzeylerinde yükselmeye sebep olduğu belirlendiğinden, çoban çantası çayının etil alkol ile oluşturulan karaciğer toksikasyonuna karşı tam bir koruma sağladığı sonucuna kesin olarak varılamadı.tır
Histopathological and Biochemical Investigation of the Effect of Shepherd's Purse (Capsella Bursa-Pastoris L.) on Ethanol-Induced Liver Damage
(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers india, 2024) Polat, Orhan; Yaman, Turan; Koemueroglu, Ahmet Ufuk
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Shepherd's Purse (SP) herbal tea on ethanol (EtOH)-induced liver toxicity. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into 4 experimental groups: control, EtOH administered by orogastric gavage once daily. At the end of the 60-day experimental period, tissue and blood samples were obtained from the rats following necropsy. Results: Histopathologically, degenerative-necrotic changes in the liver of the EtOH group rats were partially reduced in the SP treatment group. Biochemical examinations revealed that SP treatment decreased aspartic transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels in the SP-treated rats compared to the EtOH group rats. While SP treatment had a positive effect on the triglyceride and HDL levels, it had a negative effect on the LDL and cholesterol levels. Conclusion: Consequently, it was determined that SP tea provides partial protection against EtOH-induced liver toxicity.
Histopathological and Biochemical Investigations of Protective Role of Honey in Rats With Experimental Aflatoxicosis
(Bmc, 2016) Yaman, Turan; Yener, Zabit; Celik, Ismail
Background: Natural honey (honey) is considered as a part of traditional medicine all over the world. It has both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, useful in stimulation of wounds and burns healing and gastric ulcers treatment. The aim of this study, for the first time, was to investigate the antioxidant properties and protective role of honey against carcinogen chemical aflatoxin (AF) exposure in rats, which were evaluated by histopathological changes in liver and kidney, measuring level of serum marker enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanin aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamil transpeptidase (GGT)], antioxidant defense systems [Reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT)], and lipid peroxidation content in liver, erythrocyte, brain, kidney, heart and lungs. Methods: Eighteen healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into three experimental groups: A (Control), B (AF-treated) and C (AF + honey-treated). While rats in group A were fed with a diet without AF, B, and C groups received 25 mu g of AF/rat/day, where C group additionally received 1 mL/kg of honey by gavage for 90 days. Results: At the end of the 90-day experimental period, we found that the honey supplementation decreased the lipid peroxidation and the levels of enzyme associated with liver damage, increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the AF + honey-treated rats. Hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of honey is further substantiated by showing almost normal histological architecture in AF + honey-treated group, compared to degenerative changes in the liver and kidney of AF-treated rats. Additionally, honey supplementation ameliorated antioxidant defens systems and lipid peroxidation in content in other tissues of AF + honey treated rats. Conclusion: The present study indicates that honey has a hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effect in rats with experimental aflatoxicosis due to its antioxidant activity.
Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Antidiabetic Effects of Heracleum Persicum Extract in Experimentally Diabetic Rats
(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers india, 2017) Yaman, Turan; Uyar, Ahmet; Celik, Ismail; Alkan, Elif Ebru; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit
Objective: This study aims to investigate the antioxidant properties and protective effects of Heracleum persicum (HP) extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Forty-two Wistar albino male rats were divided into six groups including Control (C); Diabetes mellitus (DM); DM+Akarboz 20 mg/kg; DM+100 mg/kg HP extract (HP1); DM+200 mg/kg HP extract (HP2) and DM+400 mg/kg HP extract (HP3). Experimental diabetes was established by a single-dose [45 mg/kg, intra-peritoneal (i.p)] STZ injection. Essential dosages of HP extracts and Akarboz were applied with gastric gavage for 21 day. Results: In histopathological evaluation of the stained liver and kidney sections of diabetic rats showed degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration and hydropic degeneration and necrosis in tubulus epithelial cells, disorder of glomerular structure and lymphocyte infiltration. These histopathological changes were ameliorated in the HP-treated rats depending on the dose level. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) immunoreactivity was detected in hepatocytes of liver and tubule epithelial cells of kidney. We have shown that treatment with extracts of HP modulates GPx-1 expression in HP-treated rats. STZ-induced degenerative changes in beta-cells caused decreases in the number of functioning beta-cells and insulin immunoreactivity in the pancreas of the diabetic rats. The pancreas of HP-treated rats were improved and the number of immunoreactive beta cells were significantly increased. Conclusion: Our data suggests that the STZ-induced immunohistochemical and histopathological alterations could be prevented by HP extract probably due to possess the ability to regenerate beta-cells.