Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi

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0d, 1d, 2d, and 3d Soft and Hard Templates for Catalysis
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Butun, Sultan; Demirci, Sahin; Yasar, Alper O.; Sagbas, Selin; Aktas, Nahit; Sahiner, Nurettin
Across Generations: Shifting Moralities and the Cost of Freedom
(I B Tauris & Co Ltd, 2018) Tuncer, Selda
Adsorption: Basics, Properties, and Classification
(Elsevier, 2023) Gökırmak Söğüt, E.; Gülcan, M.
The emerging industry to meet the demand of developing countries and the growing population causes many pollutants. Adsorption is a widely used waste removal method in many fields. Adsorption involves the transport of the adsorbate to specific areas on the adsorbent, and the adsorption reactions in these areas typically involve physical or chemical bonding between the adsorbate and the adsorbent. The adsorption reaction performance is greatly affected by the parameters that control the adsorption process, such as pressure, temperature, adsorbent properties of adsorbent, and the surface area of the adsorbent. Nanoscale materials (nanoadsorbents), widely used in recent years, still make the adsorption method popular with their changing surface properties and high adsorption efficiency. This chapter summarizes the basic working principle of adsorption, compares adsorption and other separation processes, and explains the basics of adsorption process along with the adsorption classification. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Advances in the Qualitative Theory of Integro-Differential Equations
(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Tunç, O.; Sivasundaram, S.; Tunç, C.
This work investigates the advances from the past until now in the qualitative properties of solutions of linear and nonlinear integro-differential equations (IDEs). Here, we present an extensive literature on the qualitative properties of solutions, including asymptotic stability, uniform stability, instability and global uniform asymptotic stability of the zero solution, as well as boundedness, square integrability and existence of solutions to various linear and non-linear Volterra IDEs, without delay and with delay. We also present some applications of such equations in sciences and engineering. Some examples are given to illustrate the results of this work and show their applications. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Akp and Its Family Policy in the Re-Establishment Process of Authoritativeness in Turkey
(Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) Yılmaz, Z.
The Alevi Discourse in Turkey
(Brill, 2015) Suvari, Cakir Ceyhan; Kanca, Elif
This paper is an attempt at exploring different interpretations of Alevism and Alevi identities, having emerged as a result of rapid and large-wave migrations, particulalry from 1960 onwards, from the countryside to the urban centres of Turkey. Those Alevis, who had become more and more isolated from the larger Alevi community and each other, ended up divided into different religious and ideological sects. Emergence of various Alevi associations and foundations proved unable to prevent such disintegration. On the contrary, it was the newly established Alevi institutions, emerging upon different bases, which actually heterogenised the Alevi phenomenon. Today, each Alevi institution in fact promotes its own particular perception of Alevism; the latter may even vary among family members. Therefore, it will be more accurate to speak of Alevi identities rather than of a single, unified Alevi identity in today's Turkey.
Antimicrobial Nanocoating for Food Industry
(Elsevier, 2022) Meral, R.; Ceylan, Z.; Kutlu, N.; Kılıçer, A.; Çağlar, A.; Tomar, O.
Conventional food preservation and processing methods were widely used for a long time. On the other hand, recently in the food industry and especially in food science area, novel approaches related to food nanotechnology are giving a great deal of attention to providing microbiological safety. In this respect, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanofibers, or nanoencapsulated food-grade materials have been used to delay the rapid total mesophilic, psychrophilic bacteria, some pathogens, as well as total yeast and mold growth in food materials, particularly stored at 4ºC. For this aim, chitosan-based nanostructures, bioactive material(s)-loaded biopolymer-based nanosystems, nanoparticles integrated with nanofibers, nanoencapsulated probiotic bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus. Rhamnosus), and particularly nanoemulsions obtained from different bioactive materials have been able to be used as nanocoating materials for food or food products. Moreover, nanocoating materials (<1000nm) above aluminum foils have been developed and applied to delay the rapid chemical, physical, sensory deterioration of food materials stored at cold temperatures. Besides antimicrobial usage of nanocoating materials, the coating materials have been treated for obtaining functional food products and providing vitamin (pyridoxine, niacin), fatty acid, and amino acid (valine, methionine) stability. Therefore with less material(s) as compared to the micro and macrosized materials, a larger contact area on the surface of the food materials (e.g., fish fillets, cheese) could be successfully coated. In this respect, all nanostudies reveal that the use of antimicrobial nanocoating materials will have been increased for the next generation of food application in the industry. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Biotic and Abiotic Stress Conditions: Function and Management in Horticulture
(Elsevier, 2022) Demir, S.; Danesh, Y.R.; Boyno, G.; Najafi, S.
Rhizosphere can be defined as the dynamic microcosm between the plant, microorganisms, and soil components in a narrow region where the habitats of plant roots are formed. Mycorrhizal fungi, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, are known to promote plant development, increase plant nutrient absorption, promote plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, and improve soil structure, and members of the rhizosphere’s mutual microsymbiosis. As the ecological function of mycorrhizal symbiosis has become much better understood in recent years, this biodiversity and its evolution is no longer considered a black box but a source of extensive networking and molecular communication in the rhizosphere. In this review, it has been tried to describe the effect and mechanism of action of arbuscular mycorrhizae against environmental and cultural stress factors in horticultural production systems. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture
(Elsevier, 2024) Demir, S.; Rezaee Danesh, Y.; Demirer Durak, E.; Najafi, S.; Boyno, G.
The 20th century has been accompanied by the increasing growth in agricultural production, the use of chemical inputs, especially nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, as well as the development of new methods in genetics and plant breeding. In natural ecological conditions, the rhizosphere soils have different types of living organisms, including mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes, that play a significant role in plant growth and development, plant nutrition as well as tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Among them, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a significant symbiotic relationship with different types of plants in most natural habitats. These fungi play a direct role in improving the growth and development of plants in agricultural ecosystems by absorbing phosphorus and other mineral nutrients from the soil. Also, the role of these fungi in reducing the effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses, bioremediation of contaminated soils, protecting plants against pathogens, increasing biodiversity in host plants, and improving soil fertility and structure has also been validated. AMF have a symbiotic relationship with the majority of plants, such as cereals, vegetables, and fruit trees, and thus play a significant role in sustainable agricultural systems. Proper management of these fungi can be very important in improving sustainable agricultural practices. In this chapter, the role and benefits of mycorrhizal fungi in sustainable agricultural development systems are emphasized and discussed. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Technology in Sustainable Agriculture: Current Knowledge and Challenges in Agroforestry
(Springer Nature, 2024) Boyno, G.; Ansari, R.A.; Durak, E.D.; Güneş, H.; Çevik, R.; Demir, S.
In agroecosystems, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most common and ubiquitous. Because of their productive and comprehensive symbiotic connections with plants, AM technology looks to be a viable option for sustainable agriculture and agroforestry. The commercialization of this technology may be utilized in agriculture, horticulture, and agroforestry to improve land use management and reduce the need for synthetic chemicals for plant growth and disease control. Furthermore, while mycorrhiza inoculation of plants is a well-known procedure, developing an inoculum consistently under field circumstances remains a bottleneck for their wide range of applications. Mycorrhizal inoculum generation, on the other hand, is a complicated process that necessitates commercial enterprises having the requisite biotechnological skills and capacity to react to ethical, educational, legal, and commercial needs. The aim of this chapter is to compile the available data on the theme of commercialization of AM technology as a tool and its use in increasing plant growth and yield characters. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Are Nigella Sativa and Urtica Dioica Fixed Oils Effective on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury Model in Rats
(Studium Press Llc, 2008) Ozbek, Hanefi; Ozturk, Mustafa; Erdogan, Ender; Kosem, Mustafa
Effectiveness of Nigella sativa and Urtica dioica. in prevention of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury were investigated in this study. Sprague-Dawley rats were given carbon tetrachloride dissolved in olive oil intraperitoneally three times a week for 11 weeks. After liver fibrosis was developed, carbon tetrachloride was discontinued and rats were randomized in four groups. They were treated with Nigella sativa fixed oil (2 ml/kg), Urtica dioica fixed oil (2 ml/kg) or Nigella sativa (2 ml/kg) and Urtica dioica (2 ml/kg) per orally for four weeks. The control group was untreated. The animals were sacrificed and specimens were taken for biochemical and histopathological study at the end. Cessation of carbon tetrachloride allowed for partial recovery of liver tissue by autoregeneration in control group. Liver fibrosis was further progressed in all three treatment groups and resulted in cirrhosis in some animals. In Urtica dioica group alanine aminotransferase level was significantly higher compared to other groups. Serum indirect bilirubin levels were higher in Urtica dioica and Nigella sativa groups compared to control and Nigella sativa+Urtica dioica groups. Present study indicate that fixed oils of Nigella sativa, Urtica dioica and Nigella sativa +Urtica dioica did not show a therapeutic effect in experimental liver fibrosis in rats.
An Assessment Relationship Between Social Exclusion and Transportation
(Igi Global, 2017) Ozkazanc, Seher; Sonmez, Nihan Ozdemir
Having been used extensively since the 1980s, the concept of social exclusion has given a new impetus to the discussions of poverty and disadvantageousness. The concept of social exclusion, which can be defined as the condition in which certain individuals or social groups cannot integrate into the society either socially or economically or politically, leads to social cohesion problems. This triggers segregation of the society, particularly in large cities, in both social and spatial terms. In the context of accessibility, "urban transport" appears as one of the most important factors determining level of social inclusion/exclusion of the individuals or groups. In this study relation between social exclusion and transport has been evaluated as an attempt to identify socio-spatial segregation pattern of Ankara.
Associations Between Dissociation and Post-Traumatic Stress Response
(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2016) Boysan, Murat
Research has consistently pointed out post-traumatic stress reactions in the face of trauma exposure are multifaceted. In this vein, significant linkages between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative psychopathology have been demonstrated to have importance for profoundly understanding the underlying psychological mechanisms in persistent PTSD. Recent studies focusing on trauma-related responses have provided convincing evidence for the premise that post-traumatic reactions are heterogeneous in nature. Specifically, two types of post-traumatic reactions have been hypothesized in the face of traumatic symptom provocation, one predominantly characterized by reexperiencing/hyperarousal states and the other primarily dissociative. Given the heuristic that PTSD is a heterogeneous nosological entity, it was reviewed in this chapter in several lines of research that has specifically focused on complicated relations between dissociation and PTSD. Various strands of evidence for the significant linkages between PTSD and dissociation include distinct comorbity patterns of PTSD, shared etiology, factorial and taxonomic studies examining symptom overlaps between PTSD and dissociative disorders, and the role of dissociation in emotional dysregulation in PTSD. The complex relations between PTSD and dissociation are addressed in the light of recent clinical and theoretical considerations.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd) and Garden
(Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2021) Akpinar Kulekci, E.; Asur, F.
Garden culture, which emerges in different ways in different cultures and is shaped according to the social, cultural and ecological conditions of societies, is one of the living spaces of human beings from past to present. Especially in landscape architecture studies, the garden has a great importance in bringing autistic individuals to life within the framework of designs for human health, psychology and in their physical, spiritual and cognitive development. In this study, it is aimed to determine the garden design approach for autistic individuals who have difficulties in social interaction and communication. In this context, the concept of garden and autism was discussed in detail, and the points to be considered in garden designs that appeal to the senses and development of autistic individuals were tried to be determined. As a result of the study, the importance to design gardens that support social skills and environmental education, which are integrative with green spaces that have high sensory stimulation, in a way that encourages their mental development, where autistic individuals can act with their own free will without restricting their movement and behavior was revealed once again. In addition, the necessity of creating spacious spaces with natural vegetation and large green areas, which provide various sensory opportunities to these individuals, especially in bringing autistic individuals to life, arises. For this purpose, it was emphasized that joint studies should be carried out with different professional disciplines, so that such studies will play an important role in the social development of individuals with autism by contributing to their physical, psychological and cognitive development as well as their social development. © Peter Lang GmbH Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin 2021 All rights reserved.
Bayesian Regularized Neural Networks for Small N Big P Data
(intech Europe, 2016) Okut, Hayrettin
Artificial neural networks (ANN) mimic the function of the human brain and they have the capability to implement massively parallel computations for mapping, function approximation, classification, and pattern recognition processing. ANN can capture the highly nonlinear associations between inputs (predictors) and target (responses) variables and can adaptively learn the complex functional forms. Like other parametric and nonparametric methods, such as kernel regression and smoothing splines, ANNs can introduce overfitting (in particular with highly-dimensional data, such as genome wide association - GWAS-, microarray data etc.) and resulting predictions can be outside the range of the training data. Regularization (shrinkage) in ANN allows bias of parameter estimates towards what are considered to be probable. Most common techniques of regularizations techniques in ANN are the Bayesian regularization (BR) and the early stopping methods. Early stopping is effectively limiting the used weights in the network and thus imposes regularization, effectively lowering the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension. In Bayesian regularized ANN (BRANN), the regularization techniques involve imposing certain prior distributions on the model parameters and penalizes large weights in anticipation of achieving smoother mapping.
Being on the Same Ship With Stakeholders: Industry 5.0
(Peter Lang AG, 2023) Çelik, B.
Digital technologies are changing rapidly and parallel to this, the reflection of these changes is tried to be moved to the education field as well. However, it is not easy to directly observe these changes in education. This chapter focuses on developing new-age educational leaders and leadership with respect to Industry 5.0 in order to help facilitate these changes in educational environments. This chapter will start by providing brief information about the previous industrial era and then continue with explaining the underpinnings and components of Industry 5.0, its sustainable, human-centric, and resilient nature. Although Industry 5.0 is surrounded by a fast process of technology and digital transformation, the human touch is an undeniable requirement during this process and transformation. Therefore, history of industrial revolutions, reflections on daily life, new-age leadership and digital transformation, and emergence of new professions and skills will be the main topic of interest in this chapter. The chapter will end by recommending how we can make best use of Industry 5.0 and how we can develop new-age educational leaders. © 2023 Peter Lang Group AG. All rights reserved.
Being Syrian in Higher Education: a Study on Migration and Social Integration in the Example of Yuzuncu Yil University
(Nomos verlagsgesellschaft Mbh & Co Kg, 2018) Akkaya, Aysun Yarali
Bio-Nanomaterials: the Next-Generation Weapon Against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Commercial Crops
(CRC Press, 2024) Boyno, G.; Ripvanlý, M.R.; El-Abeid, S.E.; Mosa, M.A.; Ibrahim, D.S.S.
Bio-nanomaterials are garnering attention in the agricultural sector due to their unique properties and potential applications. Plant Parasitic Nematodes (PPNs) rank among the most destructive agricultural pests, causing significant yield losses across various crops. The lack of plant resistance to most PPN species, coupled with environmental restrictions on chemical nematicides, has necessitated the quest for more sustainable and eco-friendly disease control measures. As a result, bio-nanomaterials have emerged as an effective, economical, and safe alternative to conventional chemical nematocides. Many plants possess secondary metabolisms that produce nematocidal compounds belonging to various chemical classes, mainly functioning as defence mechanisms against predators, pests, and pathogens. The synthesis of nanoparticles using environmentally benign biological methods offers a consistent, non-toxic, and eco-friendly approach for plant pathogen management, owing to their potent antimicrobial properties. Numerous bio-nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, and polymer-based nanoparticles, exhibit promise for nematode management. Bio-nanomaterials operate through various mechanisms of action, such as physicochemical interactions, oxidative stress, and disruption of cellular processes. The primary objective of this chapter is to discuss the potential of bio-nanomaterials in managing plant parasitic nematodes, one of the most formidable agricultural pests. The utilization of bio-nanomaterials for nematode management holds the potential for sustainable development and a better future for food security by providing innovative tools for sustainable nematode control and contributing to the development of environmentally friendly agricultural practices. © 2025 Irshad Mahmood, Rizwan Ali Ansari and Rose Rizvi.
Biobutanol From Microalgae
(Elsevier, 2022) Onay, M.
Biobutanol is one of the promising biofuels. It can be preferred because of energy density for biofuel. But, the fermentation process for biobutanol production has less productivity efficiency due to the inhibitory effects of some compounds. The reaction has a two-step process. Firstly, butyric and acetic acids occur in the reaction. Then, acetone, butanol, and ethanol generate in the product. This process maintains by means of the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Biobutanol can be produced via plants and plant wastes. However, these feedstocks have limitations due to their lower growth rates and productivity efficiencies for production. Due to these disadvantages, scientists have studied microalgae nowadays. They can be used for biobutanol production because of their higher growth rates and compositions. This chapter explains how to produce biobutanol from microalgae. Also, this study investigates the disruptive technological approaches from biobutanol production from microalgae and it includes the novel studies on biobutanol. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Biocatalysis: Fundamentals and Solvent Parameters
(Elsevier, 2020) Acidereli, H.; Sogut, E.G.; Mustafov, S.D.; Gulcan, M.; Sen, F.
Biocatalysis involves the use of one or more enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions. Compared to conventional methods, biocatalysis has advantages such as high stereo-, regio-, and chemoselectivity, efficient catalysis, both complex and straightforward transformations, low rate of by-product formation, inexpensive refining and purification (uncomplicated), mild reaction conditions, and reduced impact on the environment by reducing waste production. To have these advantages, the solvent character of the enzyme should be optimally determined. Thus, all the advantages of biocatalysis are utilized. In this review, it has been tried to present the parameters that will provide optimum conditions for biocatalysis. Biocatalysis, which facilitates many disciplines, is the most popular subject in the catalysis field due to its unique facilities and still undiscovered features. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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