TR-Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14720/5

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Effects of Harvesting Stages and Additives on the Chemical Composition, Fermentation Quality and Relative Feed Value of Soybean Silages Varieties
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Sahar, Ahmet Korhan; Erdogan, Sibel; Zorer Celebi, Seyda
In this study, the chemical composition, silage fermentation quality and relative feed value of soybean silages varieties, namely Adasoy (A), Derry (D) and Yesilsoy (Y), with Pioneer11C33 (I), molasses (M) and cracked wheat (W) additives at the three harvesting stages, i.e., full flowering (R2), full pod (R4) and full seed (R6) stages, were determined. It was observed that the A and D varieties were the best silage materials for the production of good quality silage in terms of both nutrient contents such as DM and CP and fermentation criteria such as LA and BA concentrations during the R4 and R6 harvest periods. Molasses and cracked wheat additives significantly improved the fermentation qualities of all soybean varieties (P<0.05), but the fermentation effect of the inoculant on silages was less than that of molasses and cracked wheat. The harvesting of soybean varieties in the full seed and applying molasses or cracked wheat as an additive optimally improves silage characteristics and results in well-preserved silage.
Effects of Optimizing Droplet Distribution at Particular Heights and Speeds Using Proportional-Integral (PID) Control Algorithm in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Systems: A Review
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2025) Karcı, Ali; Inan, Mevlüt
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in agriculture to increase productivity, optimize resources, and ensure environmental sustainability. This study investigates the droplet distribution of UAVs in agricultural spraying and examines the effects of flight altitude and speed parameters. Experiments conducted on various plant species and tree structures demonstrate that these parameters play acrucial role in ensuring uniform droplet deposition and reducing pesticide use. Concrete recommendations are given to optimize UAV systems in agricultural spraying applications. The paper focuses specifically on the role of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control algorithm in improving spray parameters. It evaluates the effects of flight speed and altitude on droplet density and uniformity. A systematic literature review and analysis of experimental data support the methodology presented. The results demonstrate that the PID algorithm outperforms uncontrolled systems. This review synthesizes the existing literature to highlight the effectiveness of UAV-based spraying systems in terms of agricultural sustainability and opportunities for future research.
Effects of Pgpb Inoculations on Plant Growth and Quality of Spray Carnation Effects of Pgpb Inoculations on Plant Growth and Quality of Spray Carnation Cultivation in Greenhouse Cultivation in Greenhouse
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Taskesen, Esra Yildiz; Cig, Arzu; Turkoglu, Nalan
In order to achieve the desired quality characteristics and good growth in ornamental plants, various applications are carried out. Recently, the importance of beneficial bacteria, which play an extremely important role in sustainable ecology and are environmentally friendly, has been increasingly recognized. However, the effect of beneficial bacteria, which are not sufficiently applied in ornamental plants as well as in other plant groups, on the growth and quality characteristics of spray carnation variety, which is the most preferred among cut flowers, was investigated in this study. In the greenhouse, the carnation seedlings were treated with Enterobacter ludwigii (KF29A), Pseudomonas fluorescens (KF31B), Paenarthrobacter nitroguaiacolicus (KF3B), Pseudomonas sp. strain VG242B (KF5A), Paenibacillus xylanilyticus (KF63C), Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis (TV126C) bacteria which have been selected according to nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilizing, ACC deaminase and siderophore production properties were applied. In the study, in which phenological and morphological observations were made, the effects of bacterial inoculations were tried to be determined. The effects of beneficial bacteria treatments on the number of petals, the number of nodes, the length between the nodes and the weight of the branches in the carnation plant were statistically insignificant; effects on the parameters of bud first bloom time, full bloom time, time from planting to first harvest, number of flower buds and stem length (P<0.01), flower (diameter) width and stem thickness (P<0.05) was found to be statistically significant. First bud bloom, full bloom and time from planting to first harvest are 103.38 days, 103.74 days and 106.28 days (KF63C) respectively, maximum number of flower buds is 4.77 (TV126C), flower diameter is 46.73 mm at the widest (KF63C), the highest stem thickness was 3.39 cm (KF3B) and the highest stem length was 56.33 cm (TV126C). The first flowering time of the buds appeared with a delay of approximately 10-30 days compared to the control with bacterial applications. It is seen that bacterial applications cause an increase on flower stem thickness, flower stem length, flower bud and petal number.
Evaluation of Water Sources and Animal Species in Terms of Scarcity, Rights and Welfare
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Cak, Bahattin
Problems such as global warming, climate change, water, and food availability have been some of the most important issues on the world agenda in recent years. For sustainable welfare, the concepts of equality, justice, and rights are indispensable for the ecosystem. At present, the adoption of legal regulations on water scarcity, the right to water, animal welfare, and animal rights as well as the awareness of conscientious responsibility for the individual and wider society has been an important development for the future. With this in mind, this article is aimed at contributing to the objective questioning of the concepts of rights and welfare with their emotional, legal, and scientific aspects by removing our presuppositions about life, and abandoning the distinction between living and non -living things. The study consists of two parts. In the first part, water scarcity and the right to water, and in the second part, evaluations are made in terms of animal welfare and rights. The general acceptance of water consumption as a need rather than a right has turned it into a commodity that can be bought and sold with the use of money. Although there is enough water in the world, the perception of scarcity consciousness arising from the possible inadequacy of the amount of consumable water needs to be re-questioned at the intellectual level by considering it from the perspective of a biological transformation.
A Meta-Heuristic Algorithm-Based Feature Selection Approach To Improve Prediction Success for Salmonella Occurrence in Agricultural Waters
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Demir, Murat; Canayaz, Murat; Topalcengiz, Zeynal
The presence of Salmonella in agricultural waters may be a source of produce contamination. Recently, the performances of various algorithms have been tested for the prediction of indicator bacteria population and pathogen occurrence in agricultural water sources. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of meta -heuristic optimization algorithms for feature selection to increase the Salmonella occurrence prediction success of commonly used algorithms in agricultural waters. Previously collected datasets from six agricultural ponds in Central Florida included the population of indicator microorganisms, physicochemical water attributes, and weather station measurements. Salmonella presence was also reported with PCR-confirmed method in data set. Features were selected by using binary meta -heuristic optimization methods including differential evolution optimization (DEO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), Harris hawks optimization (HHO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Each meta -heuristic method was run 100 times for the extraction of features before classification analysis. Selected features after optimization were used in the K -nearest neighbor algorithm (kNN), support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT) classification methods. Microbiological indicators were ranked as the first or second features by all optimization algorithms. Generic Escherichia coli was selected as the first feature 81 and 91 times out of 100 using GWO and DEO, respectively. The meta -heuristic optimization algorithms for the feature selection process followed by machine learning classification methods yielded a prediction accuracy between 93.57 and 95.55%. Meta -heuristic optimization algorithms had a positive effect on improving Salmonella prediction success in agricultural waters despite spatio-temporal variations. This study indicates that the development of computer -based tools with improved meta -heuristic optimization algorithms can help growers to assess risk of Salmonella occurrence in specific agricultural water sources with the increased prediction success.
Multidimensional Investigation of the Effect of Pre-Treatment Solutions on Drying Characteristics and Raisin Quality
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Yilmaz, Sahin; Uyak, Cuneyt
This study aims to evaluate the relationships between pre-treatment solution, variety, drying characteristics, and raisin quality in raisin production, using multivariate analysis methods. The study was conducted on raisins obtained by dipping Bineteti and Zeyti local seed grape varieties in 13 different pre-treatment solutions which were obtained by mixing potassium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate with olive oil, hazelnut oil, and sesame oil at different concentrations. The dipped grapes were dried in the sun on a concrete drying platform. In the study, data of 15 numerical variables related to drying characteristics and raisin quality were reduced to four principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) using the principal component analysis (PCA), and their score values were numerically obtained. Then, two grape varieties, 13 pretreatment solutions, and the four principal components were analyzed by non-linear principal component analysis (NLPCA). In addition, a cluster analysis was performed to determine the prominent pre-treatment solutions in terms of drying characteristics and raisin quality. It was determined that the pre-treatment solutions were effective on L*, a*, b*, chroma (C*), hue (h degrees), a/b values, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and drying time constituting PC1. It was remarkable that the colour parameters in prominent clusters in the cluster analysis also form PC1 in PCA analysis. The best pre-treatment solutions were found to be the "5% K2CO3 + 1% olive oil" solution for the Bineteti variety and the "5% K2CO3 + 2% hazelnut oil" solution for the Zeyti variety. It was determined that the pre-treatment solutions recommended for the varieties increased raisin quality and shortened the drying time, and had positive effects on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity.
Physiological Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs), and Trichoderma Harzianum on Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Infected With Branched Broomrape
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2025) Tepe, Işık; Fidan, Enes
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), one of the most produced and consumed vegetables in the world, belongs to Family Solanaceae. Branched broomrape [Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel; Syn: Orobanche ramosa L.] parasitizes many cultivated plants, especially tomatoes. The parasitic weeds, for which there is no effective control method, cause serious yield and quality losses in their host crops. In this study, two different mycorrhizal (AMF) species, Funneliformis mosseae, and a commercial product, Endo Roots Soluble (ERS), along with Trichoderma harzianum T22, two different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolates (Pseudomonas caspiana V30G2 and Bacillus velezensis V40K2), were applied to tomatoes. Additionally, a commercial product, Plant Success Great White Premium Mycorrhiza, and their combinations were used to determine the changes occurring in both the plants and the broomrape. This study investigated the number of tubercles, the levels of several oxidative stress enzymes (catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD; and ascorbate peroxidase, APX), the level of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA), and the total phenolic and antioxidant contents of tomato plants infected and not infected with broomrape. Compared to the control group, the treatments were found to prevent tubercule formation at rates ranging from 60 to 72.7%. Broomrape infection caused oxidative stress in the tomatoes; the CAT and MDA contents in the broomrape-contaminated plants were higher than those in the noncontaminated plants. The results revealed that the bioproducts including some microorganisms and biological preparations applied to tomatoes responded differently to broomrape stress through enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities.
Toxicity of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate To Tarek (Alburnus Tarichi) Larvae
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2024) Kankaya, Ertugrul; Atici, Ataman Altug
Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is a group of anionic detergents widely used in domestic and industrial applications. It causes adverse effects by mixing with aquatic environments. Chemicals mixing with aquatic environments affect fauna and flora at different levels. This study was carried out to determine the toxicity of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate for the larvae of tarek (Alburnus tarichi Guldenstadt, 1814), a fish living in the Van Lake basin which has economic and ecological value. The chemical was administered at concentrations of 0.0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 mg L-1 in the acute test and 0.0, 1.2, and 2.4 mg L-1 in the chronic test. Tests were carried out using 100 larvae in each group. Bioassays were carried out at mean temperature of 20.9 +/- 0.4 degree celsius. A median lethal concentration of 4.883 (4.099-6.482) mg L-1 at 96 hours was calculated for the larvae. Glutathione content, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activity decreased significantly at 1.2 mg L-1 and increased significantly at 2.4 mg L-1 compared to controls (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde content increased significantly depending on the increase in chemical concentration (P<0.05). Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is toxic to tarek larvae in terms of the measured biochemical parameters.

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