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Identification of Right Ventricular Dysfunction With LogNNet Based Diagnostic Model: a Comparative Study With Supervised ML Algorithms
(Nature Research, 2025) Huyut, M.T.; Velichko, A.; Belyaev, M.; Izotov, Y.; Karaoğlanoğlu, Ş.; Sertoğullarından, B.; Korzun, D.
Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is strongly associated with increased mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), making its early detection crucial. Identifying RVD risk factors rapidly, accurately, and economically within the acute PE population could significantly improve diagnosis and treatment, potentially reducing mortality rates. This study evaluates the performance of LogNNet and supervised machine learning (ML) models for diagnosing RVD using a repeated stratified hold-out validation procedure. An ensemble-based LogNNet model is proposed for practical application. The LogNNet model identified gender, coronary artery disease, Comorbid Disease (especially hypertension), age (above 74-years), Thrombus segment and un/bilateral Thrombus as the most significant predictors for RVD diagnosis. Additionally, combinations of these features demonstrated high predictive power. LogNNet achieved robust results with only a few selected features, making it suitable for applications in resource-limited environments. LogNNet provides a practical and accessible tool for early RVD detection using PE patient data and has been shown to support applications in healthcare innovations aimed at improving patient outcomes and resilience in edge devices, clinical decision support systems, and challenging environments. Furthermore, these findings could be used as promising applications by integrating with advances in digital health and human health monitoring systems, such as bionic clothing and smart sensor networks. © The Author(s) 2025.
Effect of Intradialytic Dietary Support on Nutritional Status, Muscle Strength, and Clinical Markers in Patients on Hemodialysis: a Cross-Sectional Study
(Bmc, 2025) Usakli, Saadet; Mirioglu, Safak; Dincer, Mevlut Tamer; Karatas, Beril; Karaca, Cebrail
Background Intradialytic nutritional support influences nutritional status, muscle strength, and related clinical outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This study aims to compare the effects of intradialytic nutrition on patient outcomes, malnutrition and sarcopenia risks, and handgrip strength (HGS) in HD patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 129 HD patients (62 receiving intradialytic nutritional support and 67 not) from two HD centers located in the same geographic region. Nutritional status was assessed using the MNA-SF, while physical performance was evaluated with SARC-F and HGS. Biochemical markers, including serum albumin, phosphorus, potassium, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, were measured. Results The group receiving intradialytic nutritional support had significantly higher serum albumin (4.0 [3.7-4.2] g/dL vs. 3.5 [3.2-3.7] g/dL; p < 0.001, respectively) and potassium levels (5.6 [5.1-6.2] mmol/L vs. 5.0 [4.7-5.4] mmol/L; p < 0.001, respectively) compared to the group not receiving support. Phosphorus levels were similar between the two groups (4.8 [3.8-6.1] mg/dL vs. 5.3 [4.5-5.2] mg/dL; p = 0.059, respectively). The nutritional support group had lower Hb levels (10.9 +/- 1.7 g/dL vs. 11.8 +/- 2.0 g/dL; p = 0.008, respectively) and required higher doses of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (32.0 [24.0-48.0] IU/monthx10(3) vs. 24.0 [18.0-33.0] IU/monthx10(3); p = 0.046, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the groups for MNA-SF and SARC-F scores (13.0 [12.0-14.0] vs. 14.0 [12.0-14.0]; p = 0.608, 5.0 [3.0-7.0] vs. 4.0 [2.0-6.0]; p = 0.053, respectively). The number of patients below the HGS cut-off (27/16 kg) was significantly lower in the nutritional support group (25 [40.3%] vs. 40 [59.7%]; p = 0.028, respectively), and the difference between groups was more pronounced in male patients in terms of median handgrip strength values. The nutritional support group had a higher rate of receiving social financial assistance (45 [72.6%] vs. 37 [55.2%]; p = 0.041) and a higher weekly protein intake. Conclusion Intradialytic nutritional support was associated with higher serum albumin levels and handgrip strength, with the latter being more prominent among male patients. However, potassium levels were found to be higher in the nutritional support group, which may present a clinical concern and warrants further monitoring. No significant differences were observed in malnutrition or sarcopenia risk. These findings highlight the potential benefits and limitations of intradialytic nutritional interventions and provide a basis for future prospective studies.
The Effect of Epilepsy Awareness on Attitudes Toward Individuals With Epilepsy in Turkish Society: a Case Study From Northern Turkey
(Wiley, 2025) Gunduz Oruc, Fatma; Atan, Gulden
ObjectiveThe aim of this study ws to examine the level of knowledge (awareness) about epilepsy in Turkish society and its impact on attitudes toward individuals with epilepsy.MethodsThe study was designed as a descriptive and cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of individuals aged 18-70 (n = 563) in a city in northern Turkey, surveyed between January and June 2024. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, an Epilepsy Knowledge Scale (EKS), and a Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Scale (PATE). Simple linear regression analysis was employed to determine the effect of knowledge on attitudes.ResultsParticipants' knowledge level was found to be moderate at 48.2%, while their negative attitude levels were low at 27%. It was determined that the level of knowledge about epilepsy has a significant negative effect on attitudes (F[1, 561] = 123.461; p < 0.001), with an explanatory rate (R2) of 0.180.SignificanceThe study identified a moderate level of knowledge and a low level of negative attitudes toward epilepsy in Turkish society. Furthermore, as the level of knowledge increased, negative attitudes toward individuals with epilepsy decreased.Plain Language SummaryThe study found that individuals in Turkish society have a moderate level of knowledge about people with epilepsy (PWE). It was determined that their negative attitudes are at a low level. As the level of knowledge about epilepsy increases in Turkish society, it was observed that the negative attitude toward PWE decreases. It was determined that women, those with higher incomes, and those who have encountered an PWE have more knowledge about epilepsy. It was also observed that those with higher incomes, those who are young or young adults, those who are single, and those who have witnessed an epileptic seizure have developed more positive attitudes toward PWE.
The Effect of Virtual Reality Headsets on Breast Milk Production and Anxiety in Mothers of Preterm Infants
(Bmc, 2025) Eker, Asli; Karadeniz, Ebru Yildiz; Askan, Fahri
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of virtual reality (VR) headsets on breast milk production and anxiety levels in mothers of preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods This quasi-experimental study included 30 mothers whose preterm infants (30-37 weeks of gestation) were admitted to the NICU at Van Yuzuncu Yil University Dursun Odabas Medical Center between November 2, 2023, and June 1, 2024. Mothers expressed their first milk of the day for three days, and the volume was recorded using the Breast Milk Quantity Monitoring Form. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was administered before milking. After three days, mothers underwent VR relaxation sessions (10 min daily) for three consecutive days, followed by milk expression and volume recording. The STAI was re-administered on the final day. Results Post-VR anxiety scores were significantly lower than pre-VR scores (t = 5.487, p < 0.001). Breast milk volume increased significantly after VR sessions (z = 4.553, p < 0.001). A moderate negative correlation was found between anxiety and milk quantity (r = -0.394, p = 0.031). Multivariable analyses showed that prior breastfeeding experience and education level influenced milk volume. Conclusion VR headsets may reduce anxiety (p < 0.001) and enhance breast milk production (p < 0.001) in mothers of preterm infants in the NICU. Further research with larger samples and longer interventions is needed to confirm these findings and optimize VR's role in maternal health.
The Effect of Protocatechuic Acid on Nephrotoxicity Induced by Gentamicin in Rats
(Springer, 2025) Mert, Handan; Cibuk, Salih; Yildirim, Serkan; Mert, Nihat
Gentamicin (GM) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used to treat gram-negative infections. Oxidative stress is known to play an important role in the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of protocatechuic acid (PCA), which is believed to have antioxidant properties, on nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin. For this purpose, 32 rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (oral physiological saline), PCA (20 mg/kg orally), GM (80 mg/kg/day/i.p.), GM+PCA (80 mg/kg/day/i.p. GM and 20 mg/kg PCA orally). The sampling period was eight days. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis and kidney samples for immunohistochemical and histopathological examination. Serum levels of urea, creatinine, Na, K and Cl were measured using an autoanalyzer, while analyses of malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), gutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analyzed by ELISA. While the values of urea (p<0.001), creatinine (p<0.001), MDA (p<0.05) and AOPP (p<0.05) decreased in the GM+PCA group compared to the GM group, the values of GSH (p<0.05) and GPx activity (p<0.05) increased. In conclusion, in GM-induced nephrotoxicity, PCA prevented lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, increased GSH levels and GPx activity, and reduced tubular epithelial necrosis, glomerular atrophy, 8-OHdG and Kim-1 expression in renal cells, according to histopathological and immunohistochemical results. This study once again highlighted that PCA is a good antioxidant, and it can be said that PCA has a protective effect against nephrotoxicity caused by GM.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Benzoxazole-Linked Pyrazole Hybrids as VEGFR-2 Antiproliferative Agents
(Humana Press inc, 2025) Deniz, Elif; Coven, Furkan Ozan; Erguc, Ali; Karakus, Fuat; Kuzu, Burak
In this study, a series of benzoxazole-linked pyrazole compounds (20a-t) were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity. Their effects on lung cancer (A549) and normal lung (CCD-34Lu) cell lines were evaluated using the MTT assay. Among them, compounds 20m and o showed strong antiproliferative effects, with IC50 values of 7.64 and 15.82 mu M, respectively, and selectivity indices of 2.84 and 1.95 in favor of cancer cells. ELISA tests demonstrated that both compounds statistically significantly reduced VEGFR-2 protein levels by 24.8 and 28.7% at their respective IC50 values, indicating potential antiangiogenic properties. Molecular docking studies supported these findings by showing favorable binding of 20m and o to the VEGFR-2 receptor, with binding energies of -7.33 kcal/mol and -7.22 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, compounds 20m and o stand out as promising candidates for further development as anticancer drugs.
The Role of Anti-Mullerian Hormone in Van Cats in Relation to Sex and Reproductive Status
(Wiley, 2025) Yildiz, Mehmet; Koca, Davut; Yildiz, Busra Nur Kilic; Isik, Muhammed Zeyd; Turgut, Ali Osman; Cetin, Yunus
The present study aimed to evaluate anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in female and male Van cats. The study included six groups: prepubertal female cats, pubertal female cats, spayed female cats, prepubertal male cats, pubertal male cats and neutered male cats. A total of 42 Van cats were included in the study, with 7 cats in each group. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein of all animals, and AMH concentrations were measured from serum using the ELISA test. The highest AMH levels were observed in the prepubertal cats (p < 0.001). AMH concentrations were 14.33 ng/mL in prepubertal female cats and 31.91 ng/mL in prepubertal males (p < 0.001). In pubertal cats, AMH concentrations were 6.61 ng/mL in female cats and 10.27 ng/mL in males, with no significant difference between the sexes (p > 0.05). The lowest AMH levels were observed in neutered cats (p < 0.001). AMH concentrations were 0.109 ng/mL in spayed female cats and 0.096 ng/mL in neutered male cats, with no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the highest AMH concentrations were observed during the prepubertal period in both female cats and male cats. Furthermore, prepubertal males had significantly higher AMH levels than female cats. Measuring AMH concentrations in Van cats may help determine their reproductive status (prepubertal, pubertal or neutered).
The Effect of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Cognitive Flexibility on Psychological Well-Being in Health Education Students
(Bmc, 2025) Sarpdagi, Yakup; Kaplan, Ebubekir; Sir, Ozkan; Yildiz, Metin; Kaymaz, Devlet; Ciftci, Necmettin; Sarpdagi, Sevgi
Aim The aim of this study is to examine the effects of secondary traumatic stress and cognitive flexibility on the psychological well-being of nursing and midwifery students and to model these relationships with machine learning approaches. Background While nursing and midwifery students are at risk of secondary traumatic stress (STS), cognitive flexibility is an important factor in coping with this stress. This study aims to develop strategies to improve students' mental health by examining the effects of STS and cognitive flexibility on psychological well-being using machine learning methods. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 620 nursing and midwifery students between March and August 2024. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0, G*Power 3.1, and R programming language 4.1.3. Results Hierarchical regression estimation showed that the model was significant and usable (F(2,617) = 112.473, p = 0.001). Secondary traumatic stress level and cognitive flexibility levels together explained 26.7% (R2 = 0.267) of the total variance in psychological well-being. It was determined that the decrease in students' secondary traumatic stress level (t = -7.724, p < 0.001) and the increase in cognitive flexibility level (t = 10.755, p < 0.001) caused a statistical increase in the level of "Psychological Well-Being". Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were used to understand the importance and contribution of each variable in the model. Cognitive Flexibility was found to be the most important variable in the prediction of Psychological Well-Being. Conclusions It was determined that the decrease in the level of secondary traumatic stress and the increase in the level of cognitive flexibility caused an increase in the level of psychological well-being. Longitudinal studies on students' psychological well-being levels are recommended. Clinical implications This study emphasises the importance of cognitive flexibility strategies to support health education (nurse and midwife) candidates to cope with secondary traumatic stress. It may contribute to the training of healthier and more resilient professionals by increasing the psychological well-being of students in nursing and midwifery education.
Do Pain Duration and Affected Side Affect Balance in Shoulder Pathologies? a Controlled Study
(Georg Thieme verlag Kg, 2025) Buke, Meryem; Unver, Fatma; Tikac, Gulsum; Erel, Suat
Purpose The study investigated the impact of shoulder pathologies on balance and changes associated with pain duration and affected side. Methods A total of fifty-five individuals were included in this study. Individuals with shoulder pathology were grouped according to the duration of pain and the affected side. Balance evaluation was done using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the One Leg Stand (OLS) test performed on hard and soft ground with open and closed eyes. Results Pain duration negatively affected dynamic balance, and those with pain for less than six months had better TUG results (p=0.027). Additionally, no significant difference was observed in OLS and TUG tests in relation to the affected shoulder side. Conclusion Shoulder pathology negatively impacts individuals' dynamic and static balance. As the pain duration due to shoulder pathology increases in individuals, dynamic balance is negatively affected.
Safety and Efficacy of Cladribine in Patients Discontinuing Fingolimod Due To Elevated Transaminase Levels: the Finclad Study
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Sonmez, Meryem Tuba; Yetkin, Mehmet Fatih; Mehdiyev, Duygu Arslan; Koseoglu, Mesrure; Mungan, Semra; Kale, Nilufer; Pul, Refik
Background: Elevated liver enzymes pose a significant challenge for patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) undergoing treatment with fingolimod. Cladribine has demonstrated comparable efficacy with a more favorable safety profile in terms of hepatotoxicity risk. However, there is still limited data regarding the transition from fingolimod to cladribine for patients with elevated transaminase levels. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and short-term efficacy of cladribine in pwMS who are discontinuing fingolimod due to elevated liver enzyme levels. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included 45 pwMS who transitioned from fingolimod to cladribine because their AST/ALT levels were greater than three times the upper limit of normal. Clinical data, liver function tests, and disease activity parameters were collected at predefined time points. Disease activity was assessed based on relapse rates and radiological findings, which included new or enlarging T2 lesions and gadolinium-enhancing lesions. Results: Both AST and ALT levels normalized and remained within the normal range after transition to cladribine (p < 0.001) with no reports of liver-related adverse events. During three months of follow-up, 86.7 % of patients maintained effective disease control, five patients had relapses, and one showed signs of radiological activity. A longer washout period was significantly associated with the presence of disease activity (p = 0.011). Conclusion: Cladribine emerges as a safe and effective option for pwMS discontinuing fingolimod due to hepatotoxicity concerns. To optimize treatment outcomes, implementing shorter washout periods alongside close monitoring is essential to prevent disease reactivation.
Prognostic Value of Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, Platelet (HALP) Scores in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the AFTER-2 Study
(Bmc, 2025) Soner, Serdar; Guzel, Tuncay; Aktan, Adem; Kilic, Raif; Soner, Hulya Tosun; Demir, Muhammed; Ertas, Faruk
Objectives: The relationship between hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet (HALP) score, and various cancers and cardiovascular diseases has been tested previously. However, the relationship between HALP score and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) has not been adequately tested. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between HALP score and mortality in patients with NVAF. Methods: This study included 2,592 NVAF patients from 35 centers in Turkey. Patients were divided into two groups: those with HALP scores <= 58.96 (low HALP score group, 1,296 patients) and > 58.96 (high HALP score group, 1,296 patients). The primary outcome measured was all-cause mortality. Results: The mean HALP score was 66 +/- 33. Patients in the low HALP score group had higher 1- and 5-year all-cause mortality rates (1-year: 12.9% vs. 5.4%, p < 0.001; 5-year: 38.5% vs. 20.2%, p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis identified the HALP score as an independent predictor of mortality (1-year: HR = 0.987, 95% CI = 0.981-0.992, p < 0.001; 5-year: HR = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.987-0.993, p < 0.001). ROC analysis determined a HALP score 52.3 predicted 1-year mortality with 62.9% sensitivity and 62% specificity (AUC = 0.680); a score of 55 predicted 5-year mortality with 60.3% sensitivity and 62.2% specificity (AUC = 0.657). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed increasing mortality over time in the low HALP score group (log-rank tests, 1-year = 44.86, p < 0.001; 5-year = 108.54, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The HALP score is a simple, accessible measure, and our findings suggest that lower HALP scores are associated with increased 1-year and 5-year mortality in NVAF patients. This provides a reference for clinicians assessing risk in this vulnerable population.
Comparative Analysis of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in 50 Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients
(int Scientific information, inc, 2025) Seven, Erbil; Tekin, Serek
Background: Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness, is associated with increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms. This study compared serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in 50 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 52 healthy controls. Material/Methods: Fifty patients in the POAG group and 52 age-and sex-matched individuals in the control group were included in the study. SOD activity was evaluated using the optical density of the blue formazan dye formed at 560 nm due to the interaction of nitroblue tetrazolium with xanthine and superoxide radicals generated by xanthine oxidase. CAT activity in serum was assessed using hydrogen peroxide and phosphate buffer solution. Measurement of GSH levels was performed using a phosphate buffer and DTNB (Ellman's reagent) solution. MDA levels were quantified by measuring the colored complex formed with thiobarbituric acid. All biomarkers were measured using spectrophotometric methods. Results: The results indicated significantly higher serum MDA levels (P<0.001) and CAT levels (P<0.001), along with lower SOD levels (P<0.001) and GSH levels (P<0.001) in patients with POAG compared to the controls. Conclusions: These findings suggest that POAG patients experience increased oxidative stress and have an insufficient antioxidant defense system. The imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium in POAG patients suggests a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of the disease. Evaluating serum levels of these biomarkers could be valuable for diagnosing and treating POAG.
Protective Effects of Quercetin Against 3.5 GHz RF Radiation-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rats
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2025) Bektas, Hava; Akgun, Burcu Buse Bese; Cakir, Serife; Dogu, Semih; Ahnas, Bedia
The global expansion of 5 G communication networks has heightened concerns about the biological effects of high-frequency radiofrequency (RF) radiation, particularly on endocrine organs such as the thyroid gland. This study investigated the effects of 3.5 GHz RF radiation on thyroid hormone levels and oxidative stress markers in male Wistar rats and assessed the potential protective role of quercetin, a natural antioxidant. Twenty-eight rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham, RF, Quercetin, and RF + Quercetin. RF exposure was administered at 3.5 GHz (2 W) for 2 hours/day, 5 days/week, for 30 days. Quercetin (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. Serum levels of T3, T4, and TSH, as well as thyroid tissue levels of TAS, TOS, GSH, and MDA, were analyzed using ELISA. RF exposure significantly decreased T3 and T4, increased TSH, elevated MDA and TOS, and reduced TAS and GSH levels. Quercetin treatment showed trends toward reversing some of these effects, although not all changes reached statistical significance. SAR simulations confirmed higher energy absorption in the thyroid region (average SAR: 1.128 W/kg). These findings suggest that 3.5 GHz RF radiation may impair thyroid function and redox homeostasis, and that quercetin may exert limited biochemical protection, though further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy. Further long-term molecular studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
Parental Perceptions of Ultrasonography in Pediatric Dental Diagnostics: a Cross-Sectional Study
(Bmc, 2025) Avci, Burcin; Kaya, Sema
Background The use of ultrasonography in pediatric dentistry has gained attention due to its safety, diagnostic versatility, and ability to minimize radiation exposure in children. This study aimed to evaluate parents' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding the use of ultrasonographic imaging in pediatric dentistry. Methods This cross-sectional study included the parents of 347 children aged 1 to 13 years who attended the pediatric dentistry clinic of a public dental school in Van, eastern Turkey. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a 27-item questionnaire covering parents' demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and concerns about ultrasonography. Chi-square and correlation analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between variables. Results Parents' knowledge and attitudes varied significantly by educational level and gender. Those with higher education levels demonstrated greater awareness and positive attitudes toward ultrasonography in dentistry. Female parents showed a greater preference than male parents for using ultrasonography in their children's dental treatment. Correlation analyses revealed strong positive associations among knowledge, attitudes, perceived benefits, and health literacy scores (r = 0.764-0.923, p < 0.001). Conclusions Although parents generally held positive attitudes toward ultrasonography in pediatric dentistry, their level of knowledge was limited. Educational level and gender significantly influenced parental knowledge and health literacy. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions to support informed participation in dental diagnostics.
Impact of Endodontic Treatment Quality on the Severity of Apical Periodontitis in Molars Teeth: a Retrospective CBCT Study
(Springer, 2025) Sahin, Pelinsu; Gunduz, Huseyin
Objectives This study investigated the relationship between root canal treatment quality and the development and severity of periapical radiolucency in maxillary and mandibular molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on CBCT images of 396 maxillary and mandibular first and second molars. High-quality imaging records confirmed the absence of preoperative periapical lesions, with root canal treatments performed at least 4 years prior. The Periapical and Endodontic Status Scale was used to evaluate root canal filling length and homogeneity, coronal restoration seal, treatment complications, lesion size, relationship between root and lesion, and bone destruction location across axial, sagittal, and coronal CBCT sections. Results Endodontic treatment quality significantly influenced periapical lesion development, lesion size, relationship between root and lesion, and bone destruction location (p < 0.05). The prevalence of periapical radiolucencies was higher in teeth with short root canal fillings, inadequate filling homogeneity, insufficient coronal restorations, root perforations, or missed canals (p < 0.05). Larger lesions (> 5 mm) correlated with short root canal fillings, inadequate filling homogeneity, and inadequate restorations, which were also associated with cortical bone destruction and furcation involvement (p < 0.05). Apical radiolucency was more frequently observed in mandibular first molars than in second molars, with the lesions tending to be smaller, involving multiple roots, and located around the root structures. Conclusion This study highlights the critical influence of endodontic treatment quality on periapical lesion development, lesion size, relationship between root and lesion, and bone destruction location. Increased lesion severity compromises retreatment success, underscoring the importance of understanding periapical radiolucency risk factors for improved outcomes.
Attachment Styles and Codependency Among Individuals With Substance Use Disorders in Eastern Turkey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ayhan, Cemile Hurrem; Aktas, Mehmet Cihad; Aktas, Sakine; Tanhan, Fuat; Aktug, Yener
Substance use disorder (SUDs) is a currently important public health problem. Attachment styles and codependency are critical aspects to consider in understanding and addressing SUDs. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relation attachment style and codependency and affecting factors among individuals with substance use disorders in Eastern Turkey. Using purposive sampling method, 232 individuals with SUDs enrolled in Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center at Van located in eastern Turkey between June- August 2023. The Adult Attachment Style Scale and the Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale were used. Descriptive measures were used for analysis and Independent Samples T-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient for inferential analysis. Lastly, a multiple linear regression model was run to determine significant predictors of codependency. Variables significantly correlated with participants' attachment style included kind of substances, marital status. Participants' codependency was correlated with having children. There was a weak positive correlation between avoidant attachment style and codependency. A moderate positive correlation was found between anxious/ambivalent attachment style and codependency. Variables significantly correlated with participants' attachment style included kind of substances, marital status. Participants' codependency was correlated with having children. Through the analysis of multiple linear regression, it came to light that significant predictors of codependency in the final model could account for 24.1% of the variance in codependency. The results of the current study provide insight into the relations between substance use, attachment, and codependency. The results are useful for the treatment team in developing a care and treatment plan for individuals with SUDs.
Modeling the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Benzenes Through the Application of Zagreb Rho Indices
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2025) Ciftci, Idris
Introduction: Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) models play a crucial role in predicting the chemical and physical characteristics of molecules. Methods: This study introduces Zagreb rho indices derived from graph theory to assess the physico-chemical properties of benzenes. The rho degree of vertices in connected graphs was formulated and used to compute these indices. Results: Strong correlations (R> 0.94) were observed between Zagreb rho indices and various molecular properties such as boiling point, molecular weight, and electron energy. Discussion: The findings demonstrate that Zagreb rho indices can serve as reliable predictors within QSPR frameworks, offering structural sensitivity and outperforming traditional topological indices in several aspects.
Evaluation of Funneliformis Mosseae Inoculation Effects on Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Essential Oil Content in Turkish Oregano Under Drought Stress
(Peerj inc, 2025) Najafi, Mina; Cokuysal, Burcin; Danesh, Younes Rezaee; Farda, Beatrice; Mignini, Amedeo; Pellegrini, Marika
Background. Turkish oregano (Origanum onites L.) is a perennial herb widely recognized for its medicinal, cosmetic, and culinary uses due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Drought is a significant stressor for crops, particularly affecting O. onites quality and yield. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic relationships with plant roots, enhance plant growth, and improve tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought. Methods. This study investigates the effects of Funneliformis mosseae inoculation on O. onites growth, nutrient content, and essential oil yield under varying drought conditions. A factorial experiment was conducted with eight treatments, consisting of two factors: irrigation levels (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%) and AMF inoculation (with and without). The experimental design was completely randomized with three replicates. Results. Results demonstrated that AMF inoculation significantly improved the fresh and dry weight of O. onites compared to non-inoculated controls (+11% and +16%, respectively). Moreover, AMF-inoculated plants showed notable increases in potassium (+7%) and nitrogen (+12%) contents. The essential oil yield was also significantly higher in AMF-inoculated plants (+3%). Increasing water stress levels significantly decreased the number of AMF spores (-47%) and the percentage of fungal colonization (-57%). Nevertheless, under drought stress mycorrhizal inoculation significantly maintained plant biomass and nutrient uptake comparable to full irrigation. The AMF drought tolerance effects were confirmed at 75%, 50%, and 25% irrigation rates.
Ti3C2Tx Mxene/Halloysite Nanotube Functionalized Films for Antibacterial Applications
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Topuz, Mehmet; Karatas, Erkan; Ruzgar, Damla; Akinay, Yuksel; Cetin, Tayfun
In the study, chitosan (CS)-based Ti3C2Tx MXene/Halloysite nanotube (HNT) films were successfully synthesized using the solution casting method. The prepared films were characterized morphologically and structurally. To measure the surface wettability of the films for potential biological applications, contact angles were measured in simulated body fluid. The bacterial viability and antibacterial properties on Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria were evaluated by CFU counting, and statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA. The HNT particles with a size of about 30-40 nm were homogeneously anchored onto MXene layers without partial agglomerations. The presence of micropores and functional end groups in the prepared films contributes to their antibacterial effect. The incorporation of HNT into the chitosan MXene film provided a hydrophilic character by decreasing the contact angle from 82.26 degrees to 49.47 degrees. Antibacterial evaluation revealed that the film exhibited high inhibition for E. coli (34.63%) and S. aureus (63%) due to the synergistic effect between HNT and MXene. These findings highlight the potential of the developed film as an antibacterial material for biomedical applications.
The Importance of Social Jet Lag in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS)
(Taylor & Francis inc, 2025) Bilgin, Mehmet Hakan; Ozdemir, Pinar Guzel

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