PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14720/6

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Frequency of Intestinal Protozoa in Patients Receiving Treatment at Van Special Physioactive Special Education and Rehabilitation Center
(2025) Saygin, Murat; Aydemir, Selahattin; Ekici, Abdurrahman; Yilmaz, Hasan
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of intestinal protozoa in disabled patients attending a rehabilitation center, thereby highlighting the significance of intestinal protozoa in individuals with disabilities. Methods: The study included a total of 300 individuals, comprising 200 disabled patients and 100 non-disabled individuals. Stool samples were collected from all participants and examined using the native-Lugol and modified acid-fast methods. Results: In the study, intestinal protozoa were detected in 41% of disabled individuals and in 9% of individuals in the control group (p=0.001). Blastocystis was detected in 18% of patients, Cryptosporidium spp. in 15%, Giardia intestinalis in 9%, Cyclospora cayetanensis in 5%, and Entamoeba coli in 4%. Among the subgroups, spina bifida patients had a protozoan infection rate of 83.3%, while the rates in other groups were lower. A significant relationship was detected between the presence of parasites and diarrhea, constipation, and loss of appetite (p<0.05). Conclusion: Disabled individuals, especially those with spina bifida, are at risk for intestinal protozoa, and regular screening for opportunistic protozoa is essential for these patients.; Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir rehabilitasyon merkezine devam eden engelli hastalarda intestinal protozoonlarınsıklığını belirleyerek intestinal protozoonların engelli bireylerdeki önemini ortaya koymaktır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 200 engelli hasta ve 100 engelsiz birey olmak üzere toplam 300 kişi dahil edildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm bireylerden dışkı örnekleri alınarak, nativ-Lugol ve modifiye asit fast yöntemleriyle incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmada, engelli bireylerin %41’inde ve kontrol grubundaki bireylerin %9’unda bir ya da daha fazla intestinal protozoon saptandı (p=0,001). Hastaların %18’inde Blastocystis, %15’inde Cryptosporidium spp., %9’unda Giardia intestinalis, %5’inde Cyclospora cayetanensis ve %4’ünde Entamoeba coli saptandı. Hasta alt gruplarından spina bifida hastalarının %83,3’ünde intestinal protozoon bulunurken diğer gruplardaki oranlar daha düşük bulundu. Ayrıca engelli bireylerde protozoon varlığı ile ishal, kabızlık ve iştahsızlık arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç: Engelli bireylerin, özellikle de spina bifida hastalarının intestinal protozoonlar açısından risk altında olduğu ve bu hastaların özellikle fırsatçı protozoonlar yönünden düzenli olarak taranması gerektiği kanaatine varıldı. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Factors Influencing the Transition Time From Psoriasis to Psoriatic Arthritis: A Real-World Multicenter Analysis
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Kiliç, Gamze; Kılıç, Erkan; Tekeoǧlu, Ibrahim; Sargın, Betul; Cengiz, Gizem; Balta, Nihan Cüzdan; Alkan, Hakan
To identify clinical and demographic predictors associated with the timing of transition from psoriasis (PsO) to psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to compare the characteristics of patients with concurrent PsO-PsA onset versus those with prolonged transition. A multi-center, observational study was conducted using data from the Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) network including PsA patients fulfilling CASPAR criteria. Patients were categorized into two groups: Group 1 (concurrent PsO and PsA onset within ± 1 year) and Group 2 (prolonged transition to PsA, > 1 year after PsO). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics, disease activity, and patient-reported outcomes were compared between groups. Logistic regression was employed to determine independent predictors of prolonged transition. Among 799 patients (mean age 46.8 ± 12.3 years), 237 (29.7%) had concurrent onset and 562 (70.3%) had a prolonged transition, with a mean PsO-to-PsA interval of 12.9 ± 9.6 years. Depression (p = 0.005) and fatigue levels (p = 0.011) were significantly higher in patients with prolonged transition to PsA. Multivariate analysis revealed that scalp psoriasis (OR = 7.162), nail psoriasis (OR = 3.270), family history of PsO (OR = 1.813), and enthesitis ever (OR = 2.187) were associated with prolonged transition. Conversely, family history of PsA (OR = 0.421) and older age at PsO onset (OR = 0.957) predicted shorter transition. Prolonged transition from PsO to PsA is influenced by distinct clinical and demographic factors. Scalp/nail psoriasis, family history of PsO, and enthesitis ever may signal higher risk for prolonged PsA onset. Recognizing these markers can support timely referral and intervention, minimizing diagnostic delay and improving long-term patient outcomes. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Efficacy of Preemptive Intravenous Ibuprofen and Dexketoprofen on Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Randomized Controlled Study
(Public Library of Science, 2025) Soyalp, Celaleddin; Yayik, Ahmet Murat; Oksüz, Ersoy; Yüzkat, Nureddin
Background To compare the effects of preemptive single-dose intravenous (IV) ibuprofen and dexketoprofen on postoperative pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC). Methods The study included 90 patients aged 18–65 years with an ASA score of I or II who underwent LCC. Patients were equally divided into three groups: Control Group (Group P), 100 cc 0.9% NaCl was infused intravenously over 30 min, Dexketoprofen Group (Group D), 50 mg dexketoprofen in 100 cc 0.9% NaCl was infused intravenously over 30 min, and Ibuprofen Group (Group I), 800 mg ibuprofen in 100 cc 0.9% NaCl was administered intravenously over 30 min. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and opioid requirement were recorded at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively. Results There was no significant difference between the Dexketoprofen and Ibuprofen groups with regard to VAS scores, whereas VAS scores were higher in the control group than other groups in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th,12th, and 24th hours. In addition, fentanyl consumption was higher in the control group at 0–6 hours and at 24 hours compared to the other two groups. Conclusion Preemptive ibuprofen and dexketoprofen administration reduce pain scores and opioid consumption compared with the control group, however, they are non-inferiority to each other. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
The Mediating Role of Moral Resilience in the Relationship Between Moral Distress and End-Of Care Attitudes and Behaviours Among Intensive Care Nurses
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Sir, Özkan; Kaşıkçı, Maǧfiret Kara; Kaplan, Ebubekir
Background: Intensive care nurses experience moral distress due to moral conflicts, which negatively impact their attitudes and behaviours towards end-of-life care. Moral resilience is considered a potential factor in mitigating these negative effects. Aim: This study aims to examine the mediating role of moral resilience in the relationship between moral distress and intensive care nurses' attitudes and behaviours towards end-of-life care. Study Design: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines for observational studies (STROBE). The study was conducted with 228 intensive care nurses between December 2024 and February 2025. Data were collected using the ‘Personal Information Form’, ‘Moral Distress Scale’, ‘Moral Resilience Scale’ and ‘Scale of Attitudes and Behaviours of Intensive Care Nurses Towards End-of-Life Care’. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS V 24.0. Results: The moral distress levels of female nurses were higher and significantly higher than male nurses (OR 0.245; 95% CI 0.074–0.598; p = 0.011). Nurses with 11 years or more of work experience had a higher and significant level of moral distress compared to other nurses (OR 0.053; 95% CI 0.080–0.115; p = 0.012). The moral resilience level of nurses with 3–6 years of work experience was higher and significantly higher than other nurses (OR 0.067; 95% CI 0.048–0.107; p = 0.023). Moral distress negatively affects nurses' attitudes and behaviours towards end-of-life care. Moral resilience has a significant and positive effect on attitudes and behaviours. Moreover, moral resilience mediated the relationship between moral distress and attitudes and behaviours towards end-of-life care (β;-0.266, CI 95% −0.301–0.197). Conclusions: Moral distress negatively influences intensive care nurses' attitudes and behaviours in end-of-life care. Enhancing moral resilience can help mitigate these effects. The findings highlight the need for nursing education programmes and workplace interventions to strengthen nurses' moral resilience and improve their ability to manage moral distress. Relevance to Clinical Practice: While moral distress damages intensive care nurses' attitudes towards end-of-life care, moral resilience may help to reduce its negative effects. Supporting nurses is thought to improve the quality of adverse end-of-life care. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
A Comprehensive Hybrid Approach for Indoor Scene Recognition Combining CNNs and Text-Based Features
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Uckan, Taner; Aslan, Cengiz; Hark, Cengiz
Highlights: What are the main findings? Proposed an innovative two-channel hybrid model by integrating convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with a text-based classifier. Leveraged an extended dataset derived from multiple object recognition models, increasing input data diversity and achieving a text-based classifier accuracy of 73.30%. Achieved a significant improvement of 8.33% in accuracy compared to CNN-only models, with the hybrid model attaining an accuracy of 90.46%. What is the implication of the main finding? Efficient and Scalable Methodology: Utilized EfficientNet for CNN-based feature extraction and Bag-of-Words for text representation, ensuring computational efficiency and scalability. Application Potential: Addressed challenges in indoor scene recognition, such as complex backgrounds and object diversity, demonstrating significant potential for applications in robotics, intelligent surveillance, and assistive systems. Indoor scene recognition is a computer vision task that identifies various indoor environments, such as offices, libraries, kitchens, and restaurants. This research area is particularly significant for applications in robotics, security, and assistance for individuals with disabilities, as it enables the categorization of spaces and the provision of contextual information. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are commonly employed in this field. While CNNs perform well in outdoor scene recognition by focusing on global features such as mountains and skies, they often struggle with indoor scenes, where local features like furniture and objects are more critical. In this study, the “MIT 67 Indoor Scene” dataset is used to extract and combine features from both a CNN and a text-based model utilizing object recognition outputs, resulting in a two-channel hybrid model. The experimental results demonstrate that this hybrid approach, which integrates natural language processing and image processing techniques, improves the test accuracy of the image processing model by 8.3%, achieving a notable success rate. Furthermore, this study offers contributions to new application areas in remote sensing, particularly in indoor scene understanding and indoor mapping. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Management of Abdominal Gunshot Injuries: Surgical Intervention or Conservative Follow-Up? A Single-Center Experience
(Turkish Association of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 2025) Binici, Serhat; Aslan, Fırat; Beǧer, Burhan; Beger, Orhan; Aras, Abbas; Eryılmaz, Iklil; Oğuz, Enis
BACKGROUND: This study aims to retrospectively evaluate treatment approaches and clinical outcomes in patients with penetrating abdominal trauma caused by gunshot injuries—one of the most complex and controversial areas in trauma surgery. METHODS: A total of 101 patients diagnosed and treated for penetrating abdominal trauma due to gunshot injuries between 2015 and 2025 were included in the study. Demographic data (age and sex); vital signs at admission to the emergency department (blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, body temperature); level of consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale); hemodynamic status (stability/ instability, need for fluid or inotropic support); intra-abdominal (liver, spleen, small intestine, colon, etc.) and extra-abdominal (thorax, extremities, head, etc.) organ injuries; laboratory findings (hemoglobin, leukocyte count, creatinine, pH level); treatment modality (surgical intervention or conservative management); surgical techniques used; blood and blood product transfusions; and hospital length of stay were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent surgical treatment and those managed conservatively. Factors influencing treatment decisions and variables affecting mortality were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Of the patients, 83.2% were male, with a mean age of 28.3±10.5 years. Surgical treatment was performed in 81.2% of cases, while 18.8% received conservative management. No mortality occurred in the conservatively managed group, whereas the surgically treated group had a mortality rate of 15.9%. Mortality among female patients (29.4%) was significantly higher than among males (9.5%) (p=0.026). Hemodynamic instability, intra-abdominal organ injury, presence of free air in the abdomen, and the need for blood product transfusion were associated with both the decision for surgical intervention and higher mortality. Additionally, damage control surgery and multiple organ injuries were linked to increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Management of abdominal trauma caused by gunshot injuries requires a multidisciplinary approach to ensure appropriate patient selection and treatment planning. In hemodynamically stable patients, selective non-operative management (SNOM) is a safe and effective option, whereas surgical intervention—particularly in cases requiring damage control surgery—is associated with higher mortality. The increased mortality rate among female patients underscores the need for closer monitoring of this subgroup and further investigation into potential additional risk factors. These findings align with current literature and provide practical guidance for clinical decision-making. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Characteristics of Pain in Patients With NMOSD and MOGAD: Impact on Mental Health, Sleep and Quality of Life
(Springer-Verlag Italia S.R.L., 2025) Koç, Emine Rabia; Sarıdaş, Furkan; Yetkin, Mehmet Fatih; Bilge, Nuray; Dinç, Yasemin; Oǧuz Akarsu, Emel; Lazrak, Sarra Elhamida
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD) are autoimmune disorders frequently accompanied by chronic, often neuropathic, pain, which significantly impacts the quality of life, sleep, and mental health. This study evaluated the incidence and characteristics of neuropathic pain in 106 patients with NMOSD or MOGAD and assessed its effects on mental health, sleep quality, and overall quality of life. Using clinical evaluation and MRI findings to localize lesions, pain classification revealed that chronic pain was more common in NMOSD patients (78.4%) than in MOGAD patients (52.7%), with a significant impact on both groups. Patients with MOGAD who experienced neuropathic pain reported notably poorer sleep quality and higher anxiety and depression levels. Pain severity was strongly associated with spinal cord lesion length and thoracic location, particularly in MOGAD patients. Current treatments provide insufficient pain relief, highlighting the need for more effective management strategies. This study emphasized that neuropathic pain substantially diminishes both physical and mental well-being in NMOSD and MOGAD patients, highlighting the importance of personalized pain management approaches to improve quality of life and mental health in these populations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Role of Chronic Toxoplasmosis in Substance Abuse in Humans and Its Effect on Dopamine Levels
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Gürbüz, Esra; Kara, Aysu; Yürektürk, Şehriban; Saygin, Murat; Aydemi̇r, Selahattin; Ekici, Abdurrahman
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a common parasitic infection agent that, in its chronic phase, forms persistent tissue cysts in neuronal cells, potentially leading to neurological and behavioral alterations. Aim: To investigate the role of chronic toxoplasmosis in human substance abuse and investigate its effect on dopamine levels, which is associated with substance abuse. Materials and Methods: The study was designed with a substance abuse group comprising 90 patients with substance addiction and a control group consisting of 75 individuals without substance addiction. The substance abuse group consisted of patients who were addicted to alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, or amphetamines. Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and dopamine levels in the blood sera and anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in the blood samples taken from the participants were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: T. gondii IgG was detected in 52 (57.8%) of 90 patients in the substance abuse group and 22 (29.3%) of 75 patients in the control group. There was a statistically significant relationship between T. gondii positivity and substance addiction (P = 0.001). However, no correlation was found between T. gondii positivity and the subgroups for the addiction type, criminal offense, imprisonment, or suicide attempt. Dopamine levels were statistically different between the groups. In the pairwise comparison of the groups, the dopamine levels in the T. gondii-positive substance abuse group were lower than in the other three groups, and this was statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of T. gondii was higher in those with substance addiction than in those without. The fact that T. gondii alters dopamine levels was among the results. Since T. gondii can affect some behaviors of the host through changes in neurotransmitter levels, it was concluded that there is a significant relationship between T. gondii infection and substance abuse. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
The Effects of Music Therapy on Intraoperative and Postoperative Parameters a Randomized Single-Blind Study
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2025) Kaya, Murat Bayram; Tekeli, Arzu Esen; Kurt, Nurettin; Keskin, Mehmet Emin; Oğuz, Ali Kendal
Background: Music therapy has been used in medicine to reduce patient stress and to improve mood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of music therapy on intraoperative hemodynamics and medication requirement and postoperative pain and side effects. Methods: Eighty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists I to II physical status at the ages of 20 to 60 for whom elective thyroidectomy surgery was planned were included in the study. General anesthesia was induced for patients and demographic data were recorded. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The groups were determined as music group (group M) and control group (group C). The intraoperative vital signs of the patients (heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation), bispectral index values, train-of-four neuromuscular monitoring values, additional opioid and muscle relaxant requirements, and complications were recorded. At the end of the operation, extubation was performed following standard decurarization using atropine and neostigmine. The 0th hour, 3rd hour and 6th hour visual analogue scale scores of the patients were measured and recorded. Results: Intraoperative fentanyl and rocuronium consumption were found to be approximately 23% lower in group M compared to group C (P < .05).The bispectral index values of the patients were similar between the groups (P > .05). It was also observed that the postoperative pain levels of the group M were lower (P < .05). Music therapy was determined to not create a difference in terms of the blood pressure, heart rate, and saturation (SpO2) levels during recovery from anesthesia (P > .05) Conclusions: Playing music, which is a non-pharmacological intervention, is an effective method without a side effect that not only reduces the intraoperative need for muscle relaxant and analgesic use but also causes positive effects on postoperative visual analogue scale scores. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
GSK-3 Inhibitor Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in CD133+/CD44+ Prostate Cancer Cells Through Modulation of Notch Signaling Pathway
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Açıkgöz, Eda; Özdil, Berrin; Öktem, Gülperi; Aktuǧ, Hüseyin; Raǧbetli, Murat Çetin; Tas, Cafer
Background: Treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) is a major challenge due to the persistence of drug-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are mainly responsible for metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, the key to achieve an effective treatment approach in PCa is through the development of strategies targeting CSCs. GSK-3, also known as a moonlight kinase, is associated with multiple signaling pathways involved in embryonic development and cancer, including Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic hedgehog, and Notch. Strong evidence suggests that pharmacological inhibition of GSK-3 can eliminate the prostate cancer stem/progenitor-like population. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of GSK-3 inhibitor IX on CD133+/CD44+ cells isolated from DU145 cell line. Methods and results: Following treatment with various concentrations of GSK-3 inhibitor IX, we assessed cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, and multicellular tumor spheroids formation capacity. Furthermore, expression levels of components in the Notch signaling pathway due to GSK-3 inhibition were examined by immunofluorescence staining. The results revealed that GSK-3 inhibitor IX exhibited strong anti-proliferative effects by inducing apoptotic cell death, causing G0/G1 phase arrest of CD133+/CD44+ cells. The number and size of the spheroids decreased significantly upon treatment with GSK-3 inhibitor IX. Furthermore, GSK-3 inhibition resulted in a marked reduction in the expression of Notch1 and Delta, which are important components of the Notch signaling pathway. Conclusion: Together, our data demonstrated that GSK-3 inhibitor IX effectively eliminated CD133+/CD44+ cells by suppressing the Notch signaling pathway, which is critical for CSC maintenance and survival, and may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer treatment with further research. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Effect of Salicylic Acid on Quality Attributes, Phenolic and Organic Acid Stability in ‘Angeleno’ Plums During Cold Storage
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Çelik, Kenan; Yavic, Adnan; Çakmak, Sevgi Sümerli; Çolak, Ayşen Melda; Tas, Akgül; Gündoğdu, Müttalip
Background: In the present research, plum fruits were subjected to pre-storage treatments with salicylic acid at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mM, followed by storage durations of 15, 30, 45 days. A control group, without any treatment, was stored under the same conditions. Throughout storage, various parameters including weight loss, fruit firmness, decay and respiration rate, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), pH, phenolic compounds, organic acids, vitamin C levels were evaluated. Results: Findings revealed that untreated fruits exhibited greater increases in weight loss, SSC, pH, decay, and respiration rates, along with a marked decrease in firmness over time compared to the salicylic acid-treated groups. The TA values in salicylic acid-treated fruits demonstrated variation dependent on the storage interval. In this study, 1.0 mM and 1.5 mM salicylic acid applications were more prominent in terms of physical properties. In the 1.0 mM salicylic acid application, lower weight loss (45th day: 3.60%), decay (45th day: 6.44%), and respiration (45th day: 43.12 mg CO2 kg−1 h−1) rates, and higher fruit firmness (45th day: 31.76) were observed compared to control fruits. Among the treated groups, fruits treated with 1.5 mM salicylic acid retained higher levels of phenolic compounds and organic acids. Moreover, all salicylic acid treatments were effective in preserving vitamin C better than the control. The most prevalent organic acid identified in plums was malic acid (45th day: 258.73 mg 100 g−1), with citric (45th day: 31.01 mg 100 g−1) and succinic (45th day: 26.88 mg 100 g−1) acids following in concentration. Chlorogenic acid (45th day: 8.65 mg 100 g−1) was the predominant phenolic compound, with gallic acid (45th day: 3.62 mg 100 g−1) and p-coumaric acid (45th day: 2.85 mg 100 g−1) ranking next. Conclusions: Overall, the 1.5 mM salicylic acid treatment showed the greatest efficacy in maintaining quality attributes during storage. In 1.5 mM salicylic acid application, fruit firmness increased by 20.15% and weight loss and respiration rate decreased by 54.44% and 39.93%, respectively, compared to control group fruits after 45 days of storage. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Diclofenac Sodium and Vitamin D Supplementation on Symptoms in Individuals With Myofascial Pain and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Kahraman, Nazlı Hilal; Keskin Tunc, Serap
Background: Temporomandibular joint disorders are significant health issues characterized by dysfunctions in the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint. These disorders are often associated with stress, oral parafunctions, and habits such as bruxism. Treating bruxism and other parafunctional habits can reduce symptoms of myofascial pain. While the etiology of bruxism remains unclear, psychological factors like stress and anxiety, along with central nervous system, are thought that it will provoke. Additionally, a significant relationship has been reported between low serum vitamin D levels and bruxism. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment and vitamin D supplementation on symptoms in individuals with myofascial pain and vitamin D deficiency. Methods: This study included patients aged 18–40, diagnosed with myofascial pain (MP) according to DC/TMD criteria, and individuals with vitamin D deficiency. Two different treatment methods were applied to the patients. One group received medical treatment with diclofenac sodium and an occlusal splint. The other group received vitamin D supplementation and an occlusal splint. The patients’ mouth opening and pain scores were evaluated at four stages; before treatment, and 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Results: The study ultimately included 40 participants, with 20 patients per group. Of the participants, 3 (7.5%) were male and 37 (92.5%) were female. At the end of the study, the changes in mouth opening and VAS scores were homogeneous in both groups. Conclusions: Vitamin D may serve as an alternative with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects compared to NSAIDs. Trial registration: This randomised trial was approved by the Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee (May 18, 2022, decision no: 05). The trial was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry (Number and date: NCT06111573, 10/31/2023). © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Activation of Glucocorticoid Receptors Facilitates Ex Vivo High-Frequency Network Oscillations in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Donaire, Daniel Frías; Demiray, Yunus Emre; Yegani, Arash Alizadeh; Pollali, Evangelia; Albrecht, Anne; Çalışkan, Gürsel
Stress activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing corticosterone (CORT), which binds to glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors in the brain. While stress influences behaviorally relevant network oscillations in limbic regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, the direct effects of CORT on these oscillations remain unclear. We examined the acute impact of CORT on anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) oscillations in adult male mice, a hub region for stress and anxiety regulation. Using an ex vivo slice model with cholinergic and glutamatergic activation, we induced beta (10–25 Hz) and slow-gamma (26–45 Hz) oscillations. Our findings show that CORT enhances high-frequency network activity in the ACC in a dose-dependent manner, following an inverted U-shaped dose–response curve, with 1 μM CORT producing significant increases in beta and gamma power. GR activation alone reproduced this effect: the GR agonist dexamethasone mimicked, and the GR antagonist mifepristone blocked, CORT-induced enhancement. MR activation had little effect, and MR antagonism did not prevent the action of CORT. Importantly, acute stress induced by fear conditioning elevated serum CORT levels and enhanced ACC oscillatory activity, with a positive correlation between CORT concentration and oscillation power. Both GR and MR were robustly expressed in the ACC, with expression unaffected by acute stress. These findings highlight the critical role of GR in mediating the effects of CORT on ACC oscillations, which could have implications for understanding neuropsychiatric disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, where HPA dysfunction, impaired GR signaling, and altered ACC oscillatory activity are commonly observed. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Effects of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Green Husk Supplemented to Total Mixture Ration on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microbial Protein Synthesis
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Aslan, Mazlum Mahsum; Kale, Cagri
The aim of this experiment was to determine the effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk (WGH) supplemented to ration on rumen fermentation by in vitro gas production technique. WGH was supplemented at different ratios (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) to the total mixture ration formed from 80%/20% roughage/concentrate feed. Experimental rations were incubated with 1/2 rumen fluid/artificial saliva mixture in in vitro gas production syringes in a water bath at 39°C ± 1°C for 24 h. WGH supplemented to the ration at different ratios increased in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), gas production (GP), ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and pH values linearly and quadratically. Methane ratio in total gas, metabolizable energy (ME) value, true digestibility (TD), and microbial protein (MP) synthesis also increased quadratically. With the supplementation of WGH to the ration, acetic acid (AA) concentration decreased linearly, while acetic acid/propionic acid ratio (AA/PA) decreased both linearly and quadratically. Overall, it was observed that WGH had positive effects on many rumen fermentation parameters. It is thought that the use of WGH in ruminant ration should be supported by new experiments with different supplementation ratios or ration mixtures. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Therapeutic Potential of CAPE in Targeting Hallmarks of Cancer in TPC-1 Thyroid Cancer Cells Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
(Wiley, 2025) Tuluce, Yasin; Bucak, Humeyra; Kostekci, Sedat
The objective of this study was to examine the chemotherapeutic effect of CAPE, via the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, Delta psi m) pathway in TPC-1 human papillary thyroid cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of CAPE was evaluated using MTT and crystal violet assays, while its apoptotic activity was measured using Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3,-8,-9 and Apaf-1 assays. Effects on mitochondria were performed by analyzing JC-1 fluorescent probe-MMP, ROMO1 and mitochondrial ATP-synthase. The analysis of ROS and 8-OHdG was undertaken to assess the degree of oxidative stress and DNA damage, while LDH analysis was used as a marker of both cytotoxicity and cellular membrane damage. To determine antimetastatic activity, cell migration and colony formation assays were performed. Finally, Giemsa staining was chosen for cytomorphological analysis. CAPE treatment in TPC-1 cells was selected as the effective dose (IC50: 25 mu M/48 h) for further experiments, and it was found that this reduced Bcl-2 levels and increased the activation of key components Bax, Caspase-3,-8,-9 and Apaf-1, indicating that CAPE-induced cell death was apoptosis-dependent. The study revealed that CAPE induced mitochondrial depolarization, leading to a substantial decrease in mitochondrial ATP-synthase, along with a notable increase in intracellular ROS, ROMO1 levels, and 8-OHdG DNA damage and extracellular LDH. Furthermore, CAPE exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on cell migration and colony formation, accompanied by cytomorphological changes. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that CAPE, which shows bioactivity by modulating MMP, can target several hallmarks of cancer in TPC-1 cells and therefore has an important potential for future in vivo research.
Frequency of Intestinal Parasites in Patients Admitted to the Microbiology Laboratory of Siirt Training and Research Hospital
(Galenos Publishing House, 2025) Gündüz, L.; Aydemir, S.; Taş Cengiz, Z.; Yılmaz, H.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of intestinal parasites in patients admitted to the Microbiology Laboratory of Siirt Training and Research Hospital. Methods: The study was conducted between 19.04.2021 and 30.11.2021 with a total of 300 patients (150 children and 150 adults) between the ages of 1-90 years who were referred to the Microbiology Laboratory with a request for stool sample analysis and who admitted to Siirt Training and Research Hospital with different complaints. The samples were evaluated by nativ-Lugol, formol-ethyl acetate concentration and modified acid-fast staining methods. The samples in which Entamoeba spp. eggs were detected were evaluated for Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar antigen using Entamoeba antigen cassette test. Results: In this study, one or more than one type of intestinal parasite was found in 21.3% of 150 pediatric patients, 24% of 150 adult patients and 22.7% of 300 patients. The highest rate was Blastocystis (18%) and the lowest rate was Ascaris lumbricoides (0.7%). Although intestinal parasites were found at a higher rate in adults (24%) compared to pediatric age group (21.3%), there was no significant difference between the age groups in terms of parasite frequency in the statistical evaluation. There was a statistically significant difference between diarrhea (p=0.022) and anorexia (p=0.014) and intestinal parasite positivity. Conclusion: It was concluded that it would be appropriate to evaluate patients admitted to hospitals with complaints such as diarrhea and loss of appetite in terms of intestinal parasites. Although this study gives an idea about the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Siirt Region, there is a need for larger scale studies in the region including more people. © 2025 Turkish Society for Parasitology.
Fractal Analysis Evaluation of Regenerated Bone in Grafted and Graftless Maxillary Sinus Elevation Procedures
(Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH, 2025) Talmaç, A.G.Ö.; Koç, A.; Talmaç, A.C.; Ciğerim, L.; Çalışır, M.; Eroğlu, E.G.
Objective: The aim of this study was to quantitatively calculate and compare the changes in regenerated bone around the implant in graftless and grafted sinus elevation procedures using fractal dimension analysis, and to provide an additional criterion for clinical preference. Method and materials: The study included 65 patients (29 graftless and 36 grafted) at the Faculty of Dentistry in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. Graftless and grafted sinus elevation techniques were compared in terms of fractal dimension and bone density on panoramic radiographs. The Student t test was used to compare the mean values of fractal dimension and bone density in patients with graftless and grafted sinus elevation. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation of fractal dimension and bone density data with age. Statistical significance was accepted at P < .05. Results: The fractal dimension and bone density were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > .05). The fractal dimension and bone density parameters were higher in men for both sinus elevation techniques. Conclusions: The results showed that the graftless and grafted sinus elevation techniques had similar fractal dimension and bone density outcomes. Therefore, it was concluded that the graftless technique is preferable for maxillary sinus elevation because of its relatively simple technique. © 2025, Quintessenz Verlags-GmbH. All rights reserved.
Mathematical Modeling of Tumor-Immune Dynamics: Stability, Control, and Synchronization Via Fractional Calculus and Numerical Optimization
(Nature Research, 2025) Aderyani, S.R.; Saadati, R.; Aderyani, F.R.; Tunç, O.
This research introduces two distinct mathematical models to investigate the interactions between the tumor-immune system, both formulated within a random (stochastic) framework. The first model employs fractal-fractional derivatives, specifically the Atangana-Baleanu operator, to analyze tumor-immune dynamics from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. We establish the well-posedness of this model by demonstrating the existence and uniqueness of solutions through fixed point theorems and examine stability via nonlinear analysis. Numerical simulations are performed using Lagrangian-piecewise interpolation across various fractional and fractal parameters, providing visual insights into the complex interplay between immune cells and cancer cells under different conditions. The second model consists of coupled nonlinear difference equations based on the Caputo fractional operator. Its solutions’ existence is guaranteed through classical fixed point theorems, and further properties such as stability, controllability, and synchronization are thoroughly explored to deepen understanding of the system’s behavior. Both models are thoroughly analyzed within a stochastic setting, which considers randomness inherent in biological systems, offering a more realistic depiction of tumor-immune interactions. Numerical simulations for specific scenarios reveal the dynamic characteristics and practical implications of the models, enhancing our insights into tumor-immune processes from a probabilistic perspective. © The Author(s) 2025.
Familial Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Involving the Left Main Coronary Artery in a Young Male: A Case Report
(Elsevier Inc., 2025) Çap, M.; Tatli, İ.; Comert, A.D.; Polat, H.; Erdogan, E.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare but important cause of acute coronary syndrome, particularly in young patients without conventional risk factors. While often sporadic, familial clustering has been increasingly recognized, indicating a genetic predisposition. We report a case of a 33-year-old male presenting with acute chest pain and ST-segment elevation. Coronary angiography showed spontaneous dissection with a large thrombus burden involving the distal left main coronary artery and extending into the proximal left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery. The patient had a family history of SCAD involving 2 siblings. Given the high thrombus burden and risk of procedural complications, a conservative approach was chosen. Management included tirofiban infusion, dual antiplatelet therapy, and anticoagulation. Intravascular ultrasound confirmed thrombus and intramural hematoma. Follow-up showed near-complete healing. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous TTN gene variant in the patient and his brother, a gene associated with cardiomyopathies. In conclusion, this case emphasizes the potential familial nature of SCAD and suggests a possible, previously unrecognized, association between TTN gene mutations and coronary dissection, indicating that conservative management with antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy may be effective even in complex SCAD cases with high thrombus burden. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.
Drought-Induced Genomic and Epigenetic Variations in Quinoa Genotypes Revealed by iPBS and CRED-iPBS Marker Systems
(Nature Research, 2025) Türkoğlu, A.; Haliloğlu, K.; Demirel, F.; Demirel, S.; Işık, M.İ.; Aydin, A.; Alipour, H.
Drought stress significantly impacts crop productivity, yet its influence on genomic and epigenetic variation in quinoa remains poorly understood. This study aimed to assess DNA damage and cytosine methylation alterations in six quinoa genotypes (Titicaca, Rainbow, Moqu Arrochilla, Cherry Vanilla, China, and White) exposed to five irrigation levels (5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, and 100% field capacity). Genomic changes were evaluated using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers, while DNA methylation was analyzed via CRED-iPBS. Results revealed genotype-specific polymorphism and genomic template stability (GTS) responses to irrigation stress. Moqu Arrochilla showed the highest GTS (84.6%) under 5% field capacity, while White exhibited the lowest (35.0%) at 50% field capacity. CRED-iPBS analysis indicated both hyper- and hypomethylation events depending on stress intensity, with China and Moqu Arrochilla genotypes displaying the highest polymorphism rates for MspI (42.9%) and HpaII (39.0%), respectively. These findings highlight the drought-induced genomic and epigenetic variability in quinoa, emphasizing the utility of iPBS and CRED-iPBS techniques for screening stress-responsive genotypes. This work contributes to the understanding of stress adaptation and may inform breeding programs targeting drought tolerance. © The Author(s) 2025.

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