Angiogenic Factors and Evaluation of Vascular Status in Preeclampsia

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to measure serum levels of the angiogenic factors nitric oxide (NO), soluble endoglin (s Eng), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (s Flt-1), placental-derived growth factor (PIGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and to measure uterine and umbilical arterial blood flow using Doppler ultrasonography to investigate the physiopathology of preeclampsia and endovascular dysfunction by comparing brachial artery dilatation and the thickness of the carotid artery with normal pregnant women. Material and Methods: Forty pregnant women with preeclampsia and 40 healthy pregnant women (control group) were recruited for the study in April 2011 and October 2011 at Van Yuzuncu Yil University. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, urinary protein in spot urine samples, complete blood counts, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels of sEng, sFlt-1, VEGF, PIGF and NO, and APGAR scores at one and five minutes after birth were recorded and compared in all patients. Intima-media thickness of the carotid artery, brachial artery dilatation and umbilical artery Doppler parameters of all pregnant women were assessed and recorded. Results: When compared to the control group, systolic and diastolic blood pressures urinary protein in spot and 24-hour urine collection, levels of AST, ALT and sFlt-1, and uterine artery Doppler parameters were significantly higher, whereas VEGF, platelet count and APGAR scores at one and five minutes after birth were lower in the preeclampsia group (p<0.001). Brachial artery dilatation before obstruction was found to be insignificant in both groups, while post obstructive dilatation was found to be significantly higher in the control group. Discussion: Uterine artery Doppler evaluation, assessment of brachial artery dilatation and measurement of VEGF and sFlt-1 levels seem to be useful in preeclampsia.