Ahlat Stone And Its Use in Historical Structures: An Assessment from The Perspective Of Cultural Heritage

Abstract

Ahlat stone is a natural volcanic stone that has been used as a building material in the Lake Van Basin for centuries. Its extensive use, particularly in Seljuk-period constructions such as tombstones, mausoleums, mosques, and bridges, demonstrates its decisive role in shaping the cultural identity of the region. Beyond its contribution to the esthetic quality of local architecture, Ahlat stone with the tradition of stone craftsmanship, has also influenced artistic expression in the region. However, due to its porous structure, Ahlat stone is highly susceptible to deterioration by freeze–thaw cycles, salt weathering, and atmospheric conditions. This vulnerability poses significant threats to the preservation and transmission of the stone to future generations. This study examines the cultural heritage significance of Ahlat stone, its historical use, and the conservation challenges it faces. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that proper restoration practices and sustainable preservation strategies will significantly contribute to the continuity of this cultural heritage. © 2025 TMMOB Chamber of Geological Engineers. All rights reserved.