Theft and Fraud Crimes During Turkish Republic (1923-1938)
Abstract
Hırsızlık ve dolandırıcılık neredeyse insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir suçtur ve her toplumda ayıplanan bir eylemdir. Kolay yoldan menfaat temin etmek için işlenen bu suçlar çok çeşitli şekillerde yapıla gelmiştir. Bu yüzden denilebilir ki tarih boyunca dolandırıcılar ve hırsızlar insanlığın temel asayiş ve ahlaki sorunlarından biri olmuştur. İnsanlığın başından itibaren çeşitli yaptırımlarla önüne geçmeye çalışılan hırsızlık ve dolandırıcılık Osmanlı ve Cumhuriyet dönemlerinde de temel sorunlarından biri olmuştu. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye Cumhuriyetinde 1923-1938 yılları arasında dolandırıcılık ve hırsızlık konusunu ele almaktır. Bu kapsamda dönemin çeşitli gazeteleri taranarak dolandırıcılık ve hırsızlık ile ilgili çeşitli bilgiler elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Hırsızlık ve dolandırıcılığın ne olduğu, toplumlardaki yeri, ama özel olarak Osmanlı-Türk toplumundaki hırsızlar ve dolandırıcılar ele alınmıştır. Hırsızlık ve dolandırıcılık vakaları dönemin literatürüne sadık kalınarak oluşturuldu. Çalışmada hırsızlık işlenme biçimlerine göre, yankesicilik, tavcılık, kaldırımcılık, karmanyolacılık şeklinde kategorilendirildi. Elbette bu usullerin dışında yapılan hırsızlık biçimleri de vardı. Daha sıradan olan bu vakalarda ayrı bir başlık altında ele alındı. Bir diğer kısımda dolandırıcılıkta da işleniş usullerine göre zarfçılık, rehincilik, mantarcılık, papelcilk, postacılık, kalpazanlık, dızdızcılık, lotaryacılık, definecilik, mazotçuluk gibi tanımlarla tasnif edildi. Yine bu usullerin dışında da farklı dolandırıcılık usulleri söz konusuydu. Neticede bu çalışmada bu başlıklar kapsamına dâhil olabilecek haberler, kamuoyunun tepisi ve meşhur sabıkalılar ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
Theft and fraud is a crime almost as old as human history and is an act that is condemned in every society. These crimes, which are committed to obtain benefits in an easy way, have come in many different forms. Therefore, it can be said that throughout history, fraudsters and thieves have been one of the basic security and moral problems of humanity. Theft and fraud, which were tried to be prevented by various sanctions from the beginning of humanity, became one of the main problems in the Ottoman and Republican periods. The main purpose of this study is to deal with the issue of fraud and theft between the years 1923-1938 in the Republic of Turkey. In this context, various newspapers of the period were scanned and various information about fraud and theft were tried to be obtained. In the study the issue of theft and fraud, its place in societies, thieves and fraudsters in Ottoman-Turkish society were discussed. Cases of theft and fraud were created by adhering to the literature of the period. In the study, according to the way they were committed, theft was categorized as pickpocketing, paving, and scrambling. Of course, there are other forms of theft apart from these methods. These more ordinary cases were discussed under a separate heading. In another part, fraud was classified with definitions such as envelope-selling, pawnshopping, mushroom-making, buck-selling, postal-handling, counterfeiting, counterfeiting, lottery-making, treasure-hunting, and diesel-selling. Apart from these methods, there were also different fraud methods. As a result, in the study, the news that could be included under these titles, public outcry and famous criminals were discussed.
Theft and fraud is a crime almost as old as human history and is an act that is condemned in every society. These crimes, which are committed to obtain benefits in an easy way, have come in many different forms. Therefore, it can be said that throughout history, fraudsters and thieves have been one of the basic security and moral problems of humanity. Theft and fraud, which were tried to be prevented by various sanctions from the beginning of humanity, became one of the main problems in the Ottoman and Republican periods. The main purpose of this study is to deal with the issue of fraud and theft between the years 1923-1938 in the Republic of Turkey. In this context, various newspapers of the period were scanned and various information about fraud and theft were tried to be obtained. In the study the issue of theft and fraud, its place in societies, thieves and fraudsters in Ottoman-Turkish society were discussed. Cases of theft and fraud were created by adhering to the literature of the period. In the study, according to the way they were committed, theft was categorized as pickpocketing, paving, and scrambling. Of course, there are other forms of theft apart from these methods. These more ordinary cases were discussed under a separate heading. In another part, fraud was classified with definitions such as envelope-selling, pawnshopping, mushroom-making, buck-selling, postal-handling, counterfeiting, counterfeiting, lottery-making, treasure-hunting, and diesel-selling. Apart from these methods, there were also different fraud methods. As a result, in the study, the news that could be included under these titles, public outcry and famous criminals were discussed.
Description
Keywords
Tarih, Atatürk Dönemi, Cumhuriyet Dönemi, Dolandırıcılık, Hırsızlık, Suç, History, Atatürk Period, Republican Period, Fraud, Theft, Crime
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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