The Analysis of Short Work Allowance as an Extraordinary Employment Shield in Turkey During the Pandemic Period for Van Example
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2023
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Çalışma hayatındaki riskleri minimize etmek adına devletler tarafından alınan tedbirlerden bir tanesi de kısa çalışma ve kısa çalışma ödeneği uygulamasıdır. Çalışma hayatını ve ülke ekonomilerini olumsuz yönde etkileyen genel ekonomik krizler ve zorlayıcı nedenler gibi faktörler, işçi ve işvereni sistemde tutabilmek adına devletleri bu alanda düzenleme yapmak zorunda bırakmıştır. 2003 yılında 4857 sayılı İş Yasasıyla iş hukukumuzda yer bulan bu tedbir, zaman zaman uygulama alanı bulmuş, özellikle de 2008-2009 dünya küresel ekonomik krizi nedeniyle birçok gelişmiş ülkede uygulanarak istihdam kalkanı rolünü üstlenmiştir. 2020 yılına gelindiğinde ise, bütün dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 (Yeni Koronavirüs) salgını nedeniyle gerek Türkiye'de, gerekse bütün dünyada istihdam durma noktasına gelmiştir. Bu salgının Türkiye'de yaratacağı ekonomik ve sosyal tahrifatın minimize edilmesi amacıyla yasal altyapısı hazır olan önlemlere ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Devletler bu dönemde daha önce meydana gelmiş ekonomik krizlerde görülmemiş önlemler alarak Covid-19 salgın krizinin işgücü piyasası ve ekonominin geneli üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmeye çalışmışlardır. Ülkeler arasında değişiklik arz eden bu tedbirlerin ekonomiyi ve çalışma hayatını canlı tutabilmek adına uygulandığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 salgınıyla ortaya çıkan toplumsal ve ekonomik kriz gibi olağanüstü dönemlerde istihdamın nasıl korunacağını, çalışma hayatının unsurları olan işçi ve işverenin çalışma hayatında nasıl canlı tutulacağını irdelemektir. Bu çalışmada gelişmiş dünya ülkeleriyle karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Türkiye İş Kurumu ve Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu verileri ışığında Covid-19 öncesi, sırası ve sonrası dönemi karşılaştırılarak salgın krizinin Türkiye'de istihdamda meydana getirdiği tahrifatın boyutu saptanmış, bu veriler ışığında uygulanan tedbirlerle salgın kriziyle mücadele yöntemleri anlatılmıştır.
One of the preventive measures that governments have to take due to minimizing the risks of the business life is short-term employment and short-term employment allowance regulations. The governments have been obliged to make regulations at this point in order to keep the employers and the employees in the system, because of the economic crisis and compelling situations. This precise caution which has found a place in our employment law with No. 4857 at 2003 has been particularly applied and undertook an employment shield role at most of the developed countries especially at the 2008-2009 global economical crisis. Within the 2020, the employment rates have been almost paused either in Turkey or in the world by the new Covid-19 (New type Coronavirus) which has excersized power all over the world. Some legally infrastructured shields have been needed in order to minimise the forgery regarding to the economical and social matters which the pandemia might cause in our country.' In this period, governments are trying to alleviate the harmful effects of the Covid-19 crisis on the economy and the labor market in general, by taking unprecedented measures in the economic crises that have occurred before. It is seen that these measures, which vary from country to country, are implemented in order to preserve the economy and business life alive. The aim of this study is to examine how to protect employment in extraordinary times such as the economic and social crisis caused by the covid-19 epidemic, and how to keep the workers and employers, who are the elements of working life, alive in working life. In this study, a comparative analysis method was applied with developed world countries. In addition, in the light of the data of the Turkish Social Security Institution, the Turkish Employment Agency and the Turkish Statistical Institute; the pre and post-covid-19 period were compared and the extent of the falsification in employment in Turkey was determined. The methods of combating the epidemic crisis with the measures implemented in the light of these data were explained.
One of the preventive measures that governments have to take due to minimizing the risks of the business life is short-term employment and short-term employment allowance regulations. The governments have been obliged to make regulations at this point in order to keep the employers and the employees in the system, because of the economic crisis and compelling situations. This precise caution which has found a place in our employment law with No. 4857 at 2003 has been particularly applied and undertook an employment shield role at most of the developed countries especially at the 2008-2009 global economical crisis. Within the 2020, the employment rates have been almost paused either in Turkey or in the world by the new Covid-19 (New type Coronavirus) which has excersized power all over the world. Some legally infrastructured shields have been needed in order to minimise the forgery regarding to the economical and social matters which the pandemia might cause in our country.' In this period, governments are trying to alleviate the harmful effects of the Covid-19 crisis on the economy and the labor market in general, by taking unprecedented measures in the economic crises that have occurred before. It is seen that these measures, which vary from country to country, are implemented in order to preserve the economy and business life alive. The aim of this study is to examine how to protect employment in extraordinary times such as the economic and social crisis caused by the covid-19 epidemic, and how to keep the workers and employers, who are the elements of working life, alive in working life. In this study, a comparative analysis method was applied with developed world countries. In addition, in the light of the data of the Turkish Social Security Institution, the Turkish Employment Agency and the Turkish Statistical Institute; the pre and post-covid-19 period were compared and the extent of the falsification in employment in Turkey was determined. The methods of combating the epidemic crisis with the measures implemented in the light of these data were explained.
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Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration
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95