The Effects of Melatonin Treatments on Yield and Quality
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2023
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Bu çalışmada, zor köklenen bir anaç olan 110 Richter (110 R) anacı üzerine aşılı, Narince üzüm çeşidine ait aşılı çeliklere hızlı daldırma tekniği (5 sn) ile farklı konsantrasyonlarda melatonin (MEL) uygulanarak tüplü fidanların köklenme durumu, indol büritik asit (IBA) ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenerek, fidan randıman ve kalitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Aşılama Mart ayı içerisinde masa başında (omega kesit) yapılmıştır. Aşılama sonrası çelikler, 74-76°C'de parafinle muamele edildikten çam talaşı olan kasalara konularak 3 gün 28-29°C, 15 gün 25-26°C ve 3 gün 22-24°C; nem oranı % 85-95 ve 6-12 saatte bir havalandırma olacak şekilde düzenlenmiş kaynaştırma (çimlendirme) odasına alınmıştır. Bir müddet oda koşullarında bekletilen aşılı materyalde, kallusta renk dönüşümü olduğu zaman ikinci parafinleme yapılmıştır. Kallus gelişim düzeyi %75'in üzerinde olan çeliklerin diplerine 0 (Kontrol), 1, 2 ve 5 μM MEL ile 2000 ppm IBA konsantrasyonları birlikte ve ayrı ayrı uygulandıktan sonra, ısıtmasız cam sera içerisinde daha önceden hazırlanmış 12x20 cm boyutlu %2 UV katkılı siyah renkli polietilen tüplere dikim yapılmıştır. Harç materyali olarak perlit ve torf (1:1) karışımı kullanılmıştır. Fidanlarda kallus ve kök gelişim düzeyi, fidan randımanı (%), kök ve sürgün uzunluğu (cm), kök ve yaprak (boğum) sayısı (adet), kök yaş ve kuru ağırlığı (g), kök ve sürgün kuru madde miktarı (%), sürgün yaş ve kuru ağırlığı (g) incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda fidan randımanı (%74.57), kök sayısı (14.60 adet), sürgün uzunluğu (18.120 cm), sürgün yaş ağırlığı (29.22 g), yaprak (boğum) sayısı (adet) bakımından '1 μM MEL+2000 ppm IBA', kök yaş ağırlığı (16.27 g), sürgün kuru ağırlığı (5.89 g) bakımından 'Kontrol', kök gelişim düzeyi (2.60) bakımından 'Kontrol' ve '2 μM MEL', kök uzunluğu (13.57 cm), kök kuru madde miktarı (%17.55) bakımından '2 μM MEL', sürgün kuru madde miktarı (%22.81) bakımından '2000 ppm IBA' ve kök kuru ağırlığı (1.67 g) bakımından '5 μM MEL' uygulamaları öne çıkan uygulamalar olmuştur. Sonuç olarak MEL'in hem tekli hem de IBA ile birlikte uygulanmasının aşılı asma fidanlarının bazı kök ve sürgün gelişme özelliklerini teşvik ettiği söylenebilir. Anahtar kelimeler: Anaç, Aşılama, Bağcılık, Köklenme, Yeni nesil hormon
In this study, the rooting status of 'Narince' grape variety grafted on 110 Richter (110 R) rootstock, which is a difficult rooting rootstock, was examined by applying different concentrations of melatonin (MEL) with the rapid dipping technique (5 s) and the rooting status of the covered seedlings was examined in comparison with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and seedling yield and quality were evaluated. Grafting was carried out in March at the table (omega section). After grafting, the cuttings were treated with paraffin at 74-76°C, placed in crates with pine sawdust and placed in a germination room fixed as 28-29°C for 3 days, 25-26°C for 15 days and 22-24°C for 3 days; humidity 85-95%; ventilation every 6-12 hours. The second paraffinning was performed when there was a color transformation around the callus. After applying 0 (Control), 1, 2 and 5 μM MEL and 2000 ppm IBA concentrations together and separately to the bottoms of the cuttings with callus development level above 75%, they were planted in 12x20 cm size black colored polyethylene pots with 2% UV additive prepared in unheated glass greenhouse. Perlite and peat (1:1) mixture was used as mortar. Callus and root development level, seedling yield (%), root and shoot length (cm), number of roots and leaves (number of nodes), root wet and dry weight (g), root and shoot dry matter content (%), shoot wet and dry weight (g) were analyzed. As a result of the study, seedling yield (74.57%), number of roots (14.60 pcs), shoot length (18.120 cm), shoot wet weight (29.22 g), number of leaves (internodes) (pcs) were determined by '1 μM MEL+2000 ppm IBA', root wet weight (16.27 g), shoot dry weight (5.89 g) were determined by 'Control', root development level (2. 60%), 'Control' and '2 μM MEL' for root length (13.57 cm), '2 μM MEL' for root dry matter content (17.55%), '2000 ppm IBA' for shoot dry matter content (22.81%) and '5 μM MEL' for root dry weight (1.67 g). In conclusion, it can be stated that MEL, both individually and in combination with IBA, induced some root and shoot growth characteristics of grafted grapevine seedlings. However, more comprehensive studies are recommended for a better understanding of its effect. Keywords: Grafting, New generation hormone, Rooting, Rootstock, Viticulture
In this study, the rooting status of 'Narince' grape variety grafted on 110 Richter (110 R) rootstock, which is a difficult rooting rootstock, was examined by applying different concentrations of melatonin (MEL) with the rapid dipping technique (5 s) and the rooting status of the covered seedlings was examined in comparison with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and seedling yield and quality were evaluated. Grafting was carried out in March at the table (omega section). After grafting, the cuttings were treated with paraffin at 74-76°C, placed in crates with pine sawdust and placed in a germination room fixed as 28-29°C for 3 days, 25-26°C for 15 days and 22-24°C for 3 days; humidity 85-95%; ventilation every 6-12 hours. The second paraffinning was performed when there was a color transformation around the callus. After applying 0 (Control), 1, 2 and 5 μM MEL and 2000 ppm IBA concentrations together and separately to the bottoms of the cuttings with callus development level above 75%, they were planted in 12x20 cm size black colored polyethylene pots with 2% UV additive prepared in unheated glass greenhouse. Perlite and peat (1:1) mixture was used as mortar. Callus and root development level, seedling yield (%), root and shoot length (cm), number of roots and leaves (number of nodes), root wet and dry weight (g), root and shoot dry matter content (%), shoot wet and dry weight (g) were analyzed. As a result of the study, seedling yield (74.57%), number of roots (14.60 pcs), shoot length (18.120 cm), shoot wet weight (29.22 g), number of leaves (internodes) (pcs) were determined by '1 μM MEL+2000 ppm IBA', root wet weight (16.27 g), shoot dry weight (5.89 g) were determined by 'Control', root development level (2. 60%), 'Control' and '2 μM MEL' for root length (13.57 cm), '2 μM MEL' for root dry matter content (17.55%), '2000 ppm IBA' for shoot dry matter content (22.81%) and '5 μM MEL' for root dry weight (1.67 g). In conclusion, it can be stated that MEL, both individually and in combination with IBA, induced some root and shoot growth characteristics of grafted grapevine seedlings. However, more comprehensive studies are recommended for a better understanding of its effect. Keywords: Grafting, New generation hormone, Rooting, Rootstock, Viticulture
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68