Belief Shoocls in the Ottoman's
Abstract
ÖZETOsmanlılar dönemi itikadı slâm mezhepleri üzerine yapmış olduğumuz buçalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölüm Osmanlı Devleti'nin kuruluşdönemi ve sonrası inanç yapısı ve bu inancın yayılmasında etkin rol oynayanfaktörlerden bahsedilmiştir. kinci bölümde Osmanlılar dönemi var olan vegünümüzde de varlığını devam ettiren itikadı slâm mezhepleri ve Vahhabilikhareketi üzerinde durulmuştur. Üçüncü bölümde ise, Osmanlılar dönemi Ehl-iSünnet-Şia ilişkisi, Yavuz Sultan Selim devrinde meydana gelen olaylar bağlamındaele alınmış ve Rafızûlik, Kızılbaşlık kavramlarına yer verilmiştir.Osmanlı imparatorluğu gibi çok geniş bir alana ve zamana yayılmış olan birdevletten meydana çıkmış bulunan bütün mezhepleri ve dini akımları ve eğilimlerikavrayabilmek çok zordur. Bundan dolayı biz sadece Osmanlı Devleti'ni inançyönüyle ele aldık. Osmanlı toprakları üzerinde yaşayan halk, etnik menşeleri gibidini inanç ve mezhepleri itibariyle de bir mozaik oluşturmaktaydı.Osmanlı devleti farklı din ve mezhep mensuplarını bünyesinde barındırmış,tam bir din ve inanç özgürlüğü, hoşgörü Osmanlıda mevcut olmuştur. Osmanlılardönemi hakim ve etkin olan mezhepler Ehl-i sünnet ve Şia'dır. Osmanlılar Mâturidû-Hanefi mezhebini benimsemiş diğer mezheplere karşı tutumu ise devlet yönetimineters düşmemek, sosyal huzuru ve düşünce hürriyetini sarsıcı faaliyetlere girmemekşartıyla geniş bir müsamaha göstermişlerdir.Osmanlılar kuruluştan itibaren kendilerini Sünniliğin hamisi olarak görmüşlerve bu mezhebin güçlenmesi için savaş yapmayı bile göze almışlardır.131
SUMMARYThis study of ours which has been done on the state of Ottoman Islamicreligious denominations consists of three parts.In the first part, the belief structure and the factors having played role inspreading this belief in the establishment and after establishment period of Ottomanstate have been studied.In the second part, the Islamic religious denominations and wahhabismmovements that existed in the Ottoman period and have been existing up until todayare discussed.In the last part, relation ship of ehli sunni and shi?a the Ottoman period isstudied in the frame of the incident which had happened in the Yavuz Sultan Selim?speriod and also Rafizilik-Kızılbashlık concepts are mentioned. It is very had tocomprehend all the denominations, religious processes and tendencies which come tolight in so state like Ottoman state which spread o quite a lot of lands for a lot oftime. That?s why we have studied only the Ottoman state in terms of belief. Thepeople who lived on the land of the Ottoman state had mosaic of religious belief anddenominations as well as their own ethnic sources.The Ottoman state had contained different religions and members ofdenominations and it was a state which permitted freedom in religions and beliefwith tolerance. The active and dominant denominations of the Ottoman period wereEhli sunni and shi?a Ottoman people had adopted Maturidi-Hanefi denominationsand gave much tolerance to the other denominations as long as not to oppose to thereign and not to enter fierce actions that can spoil social welfare the Ottoman peoplehad seen themselves as the protectors of the sunni thought since the stateestablishment and did not hesitate even to fight for this aim.132
SUMMARYThis study of ours which has been done on the state of Ottoman Islamicreligious denominations consists of three parts.In the first part, the belief structure and the factors having played role inspreading this belief in the establishment and after establishment period of Ottomanstate have been studied.In the second part, the Islamic religious denominations and wahhabismmovements that existed in the Ottoman period and have been existing up until todayare discussed.In the last part, relation ship of ehli sunni and shi?a the Ottoman period isstudied in the frame of the incident which had happened in the Yavuz Sultan Selim?speriod and also Rafizilik-Kızılbashlık concepts are mentioned. It is very had tocomprehend all the denominations, religious processes and tendencies which come tolight in so state like Ottoman state which spread o quite a lot of lands for a lot oftime. That?s why we have studied only the Ottoman state in terms of belief. Thepeople who lived on the land of the Ottoman state had mosaic of religious belief anddenominations as well as their own ethnic sources.The Ottoman state had contained different religions and members ofdenominations and it was a state which permitted freedom in religions and beliefwith tolerance. The active and dominant denominations of the Ottoman period wereEhli sunni and shi?a Ottoman people had adopted Maturidi-Hanefi denominationsand gave much tolerance to the other denominations as long as not to oppose to thereign and not to enter fierce actions that can spoil social welfare the Ottoman peoplehad seen themselves as the protectors of the sunni thought since the stateestablishment and did not hesitate even to fight for this aim.132
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Din, Religion
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