Nesîmî Dîvânı’nda Üslup Özelliği Olarak Ahengi Sağlayan Tekrar Sanatları
Abstract
Nesîmî, 14. yy. Azerî sahasının en tanınmış şairlerinden biridir. Türkçe Dîvân ve Farsça Dîvân sahibidir. Azerî Türkçesiyle şiirler söylemesine karşın ünü ve etkisi çok geniş bir alana yayılmıştır. Bu sebeple edebiyatımızın en büyük şairlerinden kabul edilir. Büyük şöhretine rağmen hayatı hakkında bilinenler ne yazık ki sınırlıdır. Kaynakların ona dair verdiği bilgiler de çelişkilidir. Nitekim Nesîmî'nin doğduğu yer kaynaklarda Tebriz, Bağdat, Nesim, Nusaybin, Diyarbakır, Şiraz, Halep, Bakü, Şamahı ve Şirvan olarak zikredilmiştir. Adı ise Ömer ve Ali olarak kaydedilir. Azerbaycan ilim adamlarının ve başkalarının yaptığı son araştırmalara göre şairin asıl adı Ali olup doğum yeri Şirvan'ın merkezi Şamahı olarak gösterilmiş ve çoğunluk genellikle bu görüşte birleşmiştir. Bu büyük şairin mahlası Nesîmî'dir. Yaşadığı devirde ünvan almak bir gelenek olduğundan kaynaklarda İmâdüddîn, Muslihüddîn ve Nesîmüddîn ünvanları çok geçer. Bunlardan en meşhuru İmâdüddîn'dir. Nesîmî, aslen Türkmen olup uzun süre Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî'nin yanında Bakü ve Şirvan'da yaşamıştır. Bazı kaynaklarda Fazlullah'ın kızıyla evlendiği de söylenmektedir. Şairin eğitimi hakkında hiçbir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Şiirlerinden hareketle Arapça ve Farsçaya oldukça hâkim olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Nesîmî'nin şiirlerini Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî'ye intisap etmeden önce ve intisap ettikten sonra olmak üzere iki devreye ayırarak incelemek gerekir. Şairin Fazlullah'a intisap etmeden önceki şiirlerinde maddi aşk, şarap, tabiat, dünyanın vefasızlığı ve faniliği, Hz. Ali, ehl-i beyt ve on iki imam sevgisi gibi konuları işlemiştir. Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî'yi tanıyıp ona intisap ettikten sonraki ikinci dönemde Nesîmî'nin iç dünyasında büyük bir değişiklik meydana gelir. Çünkü Fazlullah, kâinâtın var oluşunun sırrını çözmüştür. Şair, bunu şu tuyuğunda açıkça belirtir: Çoh halâ'ik geldi vü geçdi zamân Didiler kim bir sırı vardur nihân Geldi Fazlullâh imâm-ı gayb-dân Küntü kenzün sırrını kıl 'ıyân
Nesîmî, 14th century. He is one of the most well-known poets of the Azerbaijani field. He is the owner of Turkish Divan and Persian Divan. Although he wrote poems in Azerbaijani Turkish, his fame and influence spread over a wide area. For this reason, he is considered one of the greatest poets of our literature. Despite his great fame, what is known about his life is unfortunately limited. The information given by the sources about him is also contradictory. As a matter of fact, Nesîmî's birthplace is mentioned in the sources as Tabriz, Baghdad, Nesim, Nusaybin, Diyarbakır, Shiraz, Aleppo, Baku, Shamakhi and Shirvan. His name is recorded as Ömer and Ali. According to the latest research conducted by Azerbaijani scholars and others, the poet's real name is Ali and his birthplace is shown as Shamakhi, the center of Shirvan, and the majority generally agrees on this opinion. The pseudonym of this great poet is Nesîmî. Since it was a tradition to receive titles in his time, the titles Imadüddîn, Muslihüddîn and Nesîmüddîn are frequently mentioned in the sources. The most famous of these is Imaduddin. Nesîmî was originally Turkmen and lived with Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî in Baku and Şirvan for a long time. It is also said in some sources that he married Fazlullah's daughter. There is no information about the poet's education. Based on his poems, it is understood that he has a good command of Arabic and Persian. It is necessary to examine Nesîmî's poems by dividing them into two periods: before his affiliation with Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî and after his affiliation. In the poet's poems before he became affiliated with Fazlullah, material love, wine, nature, the unfaithfulness and mortality of the world, Hz. Ali dealt with topics such as the love of the Ahl al-Bayt and the twelve imams. In the second period after knowing Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî and being affiliated with him, a great change occurred in Nesîmî's inner world. Because Fazlullah has solved the secret of the existence of the universe. The poet states this clearly in the following poem: Long time has come and gone Who is Didi who has a secret? Fazlullâh came from the unseen imam The one who reveals the secret of küntü kenz
Nesîmî, 14th century. He is one of the most well-known poets of the Azerbaijani field. He is the owner of Turkish Divan and Persian Divan. Although he wrote poems in Azerbaijani Turkish, his fame and influence spread over a wide area. For this reason, he is considered one of the greatest poets of our literature. Despite his great fame, what is known about his life is unfortunately limited. The information given by the sources about him is also contradictory. As a matter of fact, Nesîmî's birthplace is mentioned in the sources as Tabriz, Baghdad, Nesim, Nusaybin, Diyarbakır, Shiraz, Aleppo, Baku, Shamakhi and Shirvan. His name is recorded as Ömer and Ali. According to the latest research conducted by Azerbaijani scholars and others, the poet's real name is Ali and his birthplace is shown as Shamakhi, the center of Shirvan, and the majority generally agrees on this opinion. The pseudonym of this great poet is Nesîmî. Since it was a tradition to receive titles in his time, the titles Imadüddîn, Muslihüddîn and Nesîmüddîn are frequently mentioned in the sources. The most famous of these is Imaduddin. Nesîmî was originally Turkmen and lived with Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî in Baku and Şirvan for a long time. It is also said in some sources that he married Fazlullah's daughter. There is no information about the poet's education. Based on his poems, it is understood that he has a good command of Arabic and Persian. It is necessary to examine Nesîmî's poems by dividing them into two periods: before his affiliation with Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî and after his affiliation. In the poet's poems before he became affiliated with Fazlullah, material love, wine, nature, the unfaithfulness and mortality of the world, Hz. Ali dealt with topics such as the love of the Ahl al-Bayt and the twelve imams. In the second period after knowing Fazlullah-ı Hurûfî and being affiliated with him, a great change occurred in Nesîmî's inner world. Because Fazlullah has solved the secret of the existence of the universe. The poet states this clearly in the following poem: Long time has come and gone Who is Didi who has a secret? Fazlullâh came from the unseen imam The one who reveals the secret of küntü kenz
Description
Keywords
Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Turkish Language and Literature
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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Volume
Issue
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