Effects of Hambeles (Myrtus Communis L.) Leaf on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation Parameters, Methane Production and Protozoa Counts

Abstract

Current ruminant nutrition studies are based on improving rumen fermentation to enhance performance and reduce greenhouse gases. For this purpose, the use of herbal-based feed supplements has become widespread. To determine the effects of adding Hambeles (Myrtus communis L.) leaf to some roughage on rumen fermentation parameters by in vitro gas production technique. Corn silage, alfalfa hay and wheat straw were used as roughage. Hambeles leaf was added to roughage at the rate of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% of the dry matter. According to the data obtained, it was determined that adding 6% and 9% Hambeles leaves to corn silage, 3%, 6%, and 9% to alfalfa hay, and 6% to wheat straw reduced methane levels. The addition of Hambeles leaves at a rate of 9% increased the NH3-N concentration in corn silage, but in contrast, it decreased it in alfalfa hay and wheat straw. Hambeles leaves added to corn silage increased in vitro organic matter digestibility at all addition rates, while an increase was observed at a 3% addition rate in wheat straw. It was determined that Hambeles leaves added to corn silage at all addition rates, and at a 9% addition rate in wheat straw, reduced protozoa count. The addition of Hambeles leaves at 6% and 9% in corn silage and 3% and 9% in alfalfa hay reduced the total volatile fatty acid concentration. However, the addition of Hambeles leaves at 6% to alfalfa hay increased the total volatile fatty acid concentration. In the light of these data, it is concluded that Hambeles leaves may have the potential to increase ruminal fermentation efficiency in different roughage sources and at different addition rates. In the presented study, it was observed that different addition rates of Hambeles leaves in different roughage sources had positive effects on various parameters in ruminal fermentation. Despite these positive effects, it is thought that more in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine the appropriate dosage for adding Hambeles leaves. © 2025 Chulalongkorn University Printing House. All rights reserved.