Osmanlı Devleti’nde Enderûn-ı Hümâyûn ve İşlevi
Abstract
Enderun Mektebi, Osmanlı Devleti'ne yaklaşık dört yüz elli yıl hizmet vermiş, Osmanlı Devleti'nin en köklü kurumlarından biridir. Osmanlı eğitim sistemi içerisinde erken dönemlerden itibaren görülen bu kurum, saray görevlilerini ve daha sonra üst düzey yönetici olacak kişileri eğitmek görevini üstlenmiştir. Bir saray okulu olarak karşımıza çıkan bu mektep, kendisinden önceki Müslüman-Türk devletlerinde görülen saray okulu geleneğinin en kâmil örneğini teşkil etmektedir. Enderun Mektebi, özellikle XVI. ve XVII. yüzyıllarda hem bünyesinden çıkardığı devlet adamları ile bürokrasiye hem de bilim ve sanat adamlarıyla kültür hayatına önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Ancak XVIII. ve XIX. yüzyıllarda devletin ihtiyaç duyduğu Yenileşme hareketleri ile bu durum değişmiştir. Yenileşme hareketleri ile Enderun Mektebi bazı fonksiyonlarını peyderpey başka kurumlara devretmiş ve nihayet 1 Temmuz 1909 yılında çıkarılan bir nizamnâme doğrultusunda kapatılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Eğitim, Enderun, Mektep, Osmanlı, Saray
Enderun School is one of the most established institutions of the Ottoman Empire, having served the Ottoman Empire for approximately four hundred and fifty years. This institution, which was seen in the Ottoman education system from the early periods, took on the task of educating palace officials and those who would later become high-level administrators. This school, which appears as a palace school, constitutes the most complete example of the palace school tradition seen in the Muslim-Turkish states before it. Enderun School, especially in the 16th century. and XVII. Over the centuries, it has made significant contributions to both the bureaucracy with the statesmen it has recruited and the cultural life with its scientists and artists. However, in the XVIII. and XIX. This situation changed with the Renewal movements needed by the state in the centuries. With the innovation movements, Enderun School gradually transferred some of its functions to other institutions and was finally closed in accordance with a regulation issued on July 1, 1909. Key Words: Education, Enderun, Ottoman, Palace, School
Enderun School is one of the most established institutions of the Ottoman Empire, having served the Ottoman Empire for approximately four hundred and fifty years. This institution, which was seen in the Ottoman education system from the early periods, took on the task of educating palace officials and those who would later become high-level administrators. This school, which appears as a palace school, constitutes the most complete example of the palace school tradition seen in the Muslim-Turkish states before it. Enderun School, especially in the 16th century. and XVII. Over the centuries, it has made significant contributions to both the bureaucracy with the statesmen it has recruited and the cultural life with its scientists and artists. However, in the XVIII. and XIX. This situation changed with the Renewal movements needed by the state in the centuries. With the innovation movements, Enderun School gradually transferred some of its functions to other institutions and was finally closed in accordance with a regulation issued on July 1, 1909. Key Words: Education, Enderun, Ottoman, Palace, School
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