Throne Fights in the Ghaznavids State
Abstract
Tarih boyunca Türkler farklı coğrafyalarda güçlü devletler kurmuşlardır. Bağımsızlıklarına düşkün ve askerî alanda dünya medeniyetlerine örnek olan bu devletler, Türk devlet geleneğini ortaya çıkarmışlardır. Gazneliler Devleti de tabii olarak Türk devlet geleneğini devam ettiren devletlerden birisidir. Araştırma konumuz olan Gazneliler Devleti'nde taht kavgaları Türk devlet geleneğinde benimsenen veraset sistemiyle alakalıdır. Türk devlet geleneğinde verasetin intikali sürecinde belirsizlik bulunmaktadır. Bu sebepten, tarih boyunca kurulan Türk devletlerinin hemen hemen hepsinde taht kavgalarının yaşandığı gözlemlenmektedir. Yaşanan bu taht kavgalarının sebepleri ise Türk egemenlik anlayışında var olan Kut ve Ülkenin Hanedanın Ortak Malıdır anlayışından ileri gelmektedir. Kut anlayışı ülke yönetiminin Tanrı tarafından verildiği ve kan yoluyla geçtiğine inanılan anlayıştır. Ülkenin Hanedanın Ortak Malıdır anlayışı ise bir soya mensup ailenin tüm üyeleri eşit hakla yönetimde söz sahibi olması anlamına gelmektedir. Çalışma konumuz olan Gazneliler Devleti'nde de Türk devlet geleneğine bağlı olarak kurulan diğer Türk devletleri gibi Kut ve Ülkenin Hanedanın Ortak Malıdır anlayışı hâkimdi. Türk yönetim sisteminde var olan bu anlayışlar sonucunda diğer Türk devletlerinde olduğu gibi Gazneliler Devleti'nde de birçok taht kavgası yaşanmıştır. Yaşanan taht kavgaları devletin zayıflamasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız öncelikle Gazneliler Devleti'nde verasetin intikali sürecini anlatmaya çalışmaktır. Daha sonra Gazneliler Devleti'nde veraset sisteminin doğal sonucu olarak yaşanan taht kavgalarının sebepleri üzerinde durulacak olup doğurduğu sonuçlar analiz edilecektir. Bunların yanı sıra taht kavgalarının Gazneliler Devleti siyasî tarihi üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaya gayret edilecektir. Zikrettiğimiz konuları araştırırken çağdaş devletler ve bu devletlerin siyasî ilişkileri çalışma sahasına dâhil edilecektir.
Throughout history, Turks have established powerful states in different geographies. These states, which were fond of their independence and set an example for world civilizations in the military field, revealed the Turkish state tradition. The Ghaznavid State is naturally one of the states that continue the Turkish state tradition. The throne fights in the Ghaznavid State, which is the subject of our research, are related to the succession system adopted in the Turkish state tradition. In the Turkish state tradition, there is uncertainty in the process of inheritance. For this reason, it is observed that almost all of the Turkish states established throughout history have experienced throne fights. The reasons for these throne fights stem from the understanding of Kut and the understanding that the country is the common property of the dynasty, which exist in the Turkish understanding of sovereignty. The understanding of Kut is the understanding that the rule of the country is given by God and believed to be passed through blood. The understanding that the country is the common property of the dynasty means that all members of the family belonging to a lineage have a say in the administration with equal rights. In the Ghaznavid State, which is the subject of our study, like other Turkish states established in accordance with the Turkish state tradition, the understanding of Kut and the country is the common property of the dynasty was dominant. As a result of these understandings in the Turkish administrative system, there were many throne fights in the Ghaznavid Empire as in other Turkish states. The throne fights led to the weakening of the state. Our aim in this study is to first try to explain the process of succession in the Ghaznavid Empire. Then, the causes of the throne fights in the Ghaznavid Empire as a natural consequence of the succession system will be emphasized and the consequences will be analyzed. In addition to these, an effort will be made to investigate the impact of the throne fights on the political history of the Ghaznavid Empire. While researching the aforementioned topics, contemporary states and their political relations will be included in the field of study.
Throughout history, Turks have established powerful states in different geographies. These states, which were fond of their independence and set an example for world civilizations in the military field, revealed the Turkish state tradition. The Ghaznavid State is naturally one of the states that continue the Turkish state tradition. The throne fights in the Ghaznavid State, which is the subject of our research, are related to the succession system adopted in the Turkish state tradition. In the Turkish state tradition, there is uncertainty in the process of inheritance. For this reason, it is observed that almost all of the Turkish states established throughout history have experienced throne fights. The reasons for these throne fights stem from the understanding of Kut and the understanding that the country is the common property of the dynasty, which exist in the Turkish understanding of sovereignty. The understanding of Kut is the understanding that the rule of the country is given by God and believed to be passed through blood. The understanding that the country is the common property of the dynasty means that all members of the family belonging to a lineage have a say in the administration with equal rights. In the Ghaznavid State, which is the subject of our study, like other Turkish states established in accordance with the Turkish state tradition, the understanding of Kut and the country is the common property of the dynasty was dominant. As a result of these understandings in the Turkish administrative system, there were many throne fights in the Ghaznavid Empire as in other Turkish states. The throne fights led to the weakening of the state. Our aim in this study is to first try to explain the process of succession in the Ghaznavid Empire. Then, the causes of the throne fights in the Ghaznavid Empire as a natural consequence of the succession system will be emphasized and the consequences will be analyzed. In addition to these, an effort will be made to investigate the impact of the throne fights on the political history of the Ghaznavid Empire. While researching the aforementioned topics, contemporary states and their political relations will be included in the field of study.
Description
Keywords
Tarih, History
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
102

