Effect of Dexketoprofen Trometamol as Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopy on Kidney in Rats

Abstract

Background and Objective: Dexketoprofen trometamol is the dextrorotatory enantiomer of NSAID ketoprofen formulated as a tromethamine salt. This study aimed to perform immunohistochemical and electron microscopic evaluations of the effects of two different doses of dexketoprofen trometamol on kidneys via parenteral administration for 7 days. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 30 healthy, male Wistar albino rats, each weighing approximately 220 g. The rats were randomized and distributed across 3 groups, with 10 rats in each group. In the control group, 0.9% NaCl was used in 1 mL volume. In the other groups, and 16 mg kg(-1)/day doses of dexketoprofen trometamol (Arveles 50 mg/2 mL) in 1 mL were used intraperitoneally twice per day for 7 days. Results: In the high-dose group, a statistically significant reduction in live weight was observed, along with apoptosis and increased cell proliferation when compared to the control group. In the low-dose group, statistically significant increased apoptosis and cell proliferation were found. Conclusion: It was found that dexketoprofen trometamol induced apoptosis and caused cell proliferation and the 16 mg kg(-1)/day dose initiated the necrotic process. When an overdose of dexketoprofen trometamol (16 mg kg(-1)) was administered, losses in live weight and diffuse degeneration of the kidney tissue occurred. Administrations of this dosage are not recommended as similar effects on human tissue are predicted.