Non-Governmental Organizations as Political Actors in the Process of Globalisation
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, derinleşmeye devam eden küreselleşme sürecinde Sivil Toplum Örgütleri'nin(STÖ) gelişimi ve uluslararası politikada artan rolü, bütünsel bir yaklaşımla incelenmek suretiyle bu yöndeki çalışmalara ve literatüre katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel varsayımı, STÖ'lerin Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde Birleşmiş Milletler'deki(BM) ve uluslararası kuruluşlardaki etkilerini artırarak dünya politikasında artan bir rol oynamakta olduğudur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında STÖ'lerin, dünya politikasındaki 'aktör' konumlarının çeşitli unsurlar bakımından analiz edilmesi, bu unsurlar arasındaki ilişkilerin tespit edilmesi, bu alandaki önemli bir ihtiyacı karşılayacaktır. Küreselleşme olgusu, sivil toplum örgütleri lehine, yeni yönetişim modellerini öne çıkarmaktadır. Küreselleşme, katılımcı demokrasiyi yaygınlaştırma yoluyla, STÖ'lere yeni ve güçlü bir ivme kazanma imkânı sağlamaktadır. Bu açıdan küreselleşme, alışılagelen ulus devlet değerinin yanı sıra bizleri başka alanları da düşünmeye zorlamaktadır. Gelişmeler, küreselleşme süreciyle ilgili ileriye dönük senaryolarından ikisini oluşturan 'küresel toplum' ve 'çoğulcu sistem' anlayışına katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada amaç, önemli bazı sonuçları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Tezin varsayımında olduğu gibi, STÖ'lerin dünya politikasında rolünün arttığı tespitini yapmaktadır. Ancak bu artış, söylem, eylem ve hukuki bakımdan olmak üzere üç açıdan değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Birincisi, STÖ'lerin rolünün artması söylemi, bütün dünyada kabul gören ve üzerinde uzlaşma sağlanmış bir durum olmaktadır. İkincisi, STÖ'lerin eylem ve faaliyetlere katılımı, söylemin biraz gerisinde kalsa da somut olarak arttığı açıktır. Üçüncüsü ise STÖ'lerin, hukuki süreçlerdeki yerinin güçlendirilmesi, en zayıf gelişen noktayı oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada ilk etapta küreselleşme süreci, akabinde sivil toplum olgusu ile sivil toplum örgütleri nihayetinde ise bu yapıların günümüz siyaseti üzerine etkileri ele alınmıştır.
This study is intended to analyze the emergence and increasing role as international political actors of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) through the course of constantly deepening globalization process by a holistic approach, and to so contribute to the studies and literature on the matter. The basic hypothesis of the study is that the NGOs have been enhancing their influence over the United Nations (UN) and the international organizations, and playing an increasing role in the world politics. Through this perspective; an analysis of the NGOs' position as 'actors' in the world politics in terms of various elements and the determination of the relations amongst such elements would address a significant need in the field. The globalization phenomenon drive forward novel models of governance in favor of non-governmental organizations, and provides NGOs with a fresh and strong impetus through the generalization of participatory democracy. Thus, globalization forces us to consider other fields as well as the value of the concept of nation state as we know it. The emerging developments contribute to 'global society' and 'pluralist system', being the two of the prospective scenarios regarding the globalization process. The objective of this study is to derive and reveal certain significant outcomes. The study, primarily, establishes that the role of the NGOs in the world political scene has increased as set forth within its main hypothesis. Such increase in role assumption was endeavored to be analyzed in three aspects, being the discourse, the action and the legal framework. The first aspect, being the discourse about the increase in the NGOs' role, happens to be a generally accepted fact of consensus worldwide. The second aspect, being the participation of the NGOs in actions and activities, has obviously increased to a concrete extent despite having fallen slightly behind the discourse aspect. The third aspect, being the strengthening of the status of the NGOs within legal frameworks, seems to be the weakest aspect in terms of development. Accordingly, the study initially discusses the globalization process, then the fact of civil society and the non-governmental organizations, and finally the impacts on the current political scene of the said structures.
This study is intended to analyze the emergence and increasing role as international political actors of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) through the course of constantly deepening globalization process by a holistic approach, and to so contribute to the studies and literature on the matter. The basic hypothesis of the study is that the NGOs have been enhancing their influence over the United Nations (UN) and the international organizations, and playing an increasing role in the world politics. Through this perspective; an analysis of the NGOs' position as 'actors' in the world politics in terms of various elements and the determination of the relations amongst such elements would address a significant need in the field. The globalization phenomenon drive forward novel models of governance in favor of non-governmental organizations, and provides NGOs with a fresh and strong impetus through the generalization of participatory democracy. Thus, globalization forces us to consider other fields as well as the value of the concept of nation state as we know it. The emerging developments contribute to 'global society' and 'pluralist system', being the two of the prospective scenarios regarding the globalization process. The objective of this study is to derive and reveal certain significant outcomes. The study, primarily, establishes that the role of the NGOs in the world political scene has increased as set forth within its main hypothesis. Such increase in role assumption was endeavored to be analyzed in three aspects, being the discourse, the action and the legal framework. The first aspect, being the discourse about the increase in the NGOs' role, happens to be a generally accepted fact of consensus worldwide. The second aspect, being the participation of the NGOs in actions and activities, has obviously increased to a concrete extent despite having fallen slightly behind the discourse aspect. The third aspect, being the strengthening of the status of the NGOs within legal frameworks, seems to be the weakest aspect in terms of development. Accordingly, the study initially discusses the globalization process, then the fact of civil society and the non-governmental organizations, and finally the impacts on the current political scene of the said structures.
Description
Keywords
Kamu Yönetimi, Siyasal Bilimler, Küreselleşme, Sivil Toplum, Sivil Toplum Örgütleri, Siyasal Etki, Uluslararası Politika, Public Administration, Political Science, Globalization, Civil Society, Nongovernmental Organizations, Political Clout, International Policy
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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Volume
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