Van İlindeki Birinci Basamak Hekimleri ve Tıp Fakültesi Asistan Hekimlerinin Kanser Taramaları Hakkında Bilgi Tutum ve Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
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2025
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Amaç: Bu çalışmada Van ilinde görev yapan birinci basamak hekimleri ve uzmanlık eğitimi alan asistanların kanser taramalarına dair bilgi düzeyleri, bu bilgilerin uygulamaya aktarımı ve tarama programlarına karşı tutumları araştırılmıştır. Hekimlerin kendi sağlık davranışları ve hasta yönlendirme alışkanlıkları da değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, 01 Ekim 2024–01 Ocak 2025 tarihleri arasında Van ilinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubunu ASM ve TSM'de görevli hekimler ile Van YYÜ Tıp Fakültesi asistanları oluşturmaktadır. Toplam 180 katılımcıya, literatüre dayalı olarak hazırlanan anket formu yüz yüze ve çevrim içi yöntemlerle uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS v27 yazılımı ile analiz edilmiştir. Gruplar arası farklılıkların değerlendirilmesinde Ki-kare testi kullanılmış, anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların meslekteki deneyim süreleri ile bilgi düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilere dair bulgulara göre, genellikle bilgi düzeyi sorularında deneyim grupları arasında anlamlı farklar görülmemiştir (p>0.05). Bulgulara göre, hekimlerin çoğu ülkemizde uygulanan kanser tarama programları hakkında temel bilgilere sahip olsa da özellikle bazı testlerin sıklığı, uygulama yaş aralıkları ve tarama yöntemleri konusunda önemli bilgi eksiklikleri mevcuttur. Meme, serviks ve kolorektal kanser taramalarıyla ilgili bilgilerde mesleki unvana, kanser tarama eğitimi alıp almama durumuna ve birinci basamakta görev yapma geçmişine göre anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir(p<0.05). Özellikle daha önce kanser taramalarıyla ilgili eğitim alan hekimlerin bilgi düzeyleri anlamlı şekilde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Mesleki unvan ile bilgi düzeyi arasında yapılan karşılaştırmada, asistan hekimlerin meme kanseri tarama yaşı, GGK test sıklığı ve serviks kanseri tarama sıklığı gibi sorularda düşük doğru yanıt oranlarına sahip olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bilgi düzeyindeki farklılıkların, mesleki deneyim ve eğitimle yakından ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Özellikle genç ve uzmanlık eğitimi sürecinde olan hekimler için kısa süreli, uygulamaya dönük eğitim programlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Sağlık profesyonellerine yönelik güncel tarama rehberlerinin erişilebilirliği artırılmalı; dijital platformlar üzerinden yaygın, etkileşimli eğitim olanakları sunulmalıdır. Anahtar Sözcük: Ulusal Kanser Tarama Standartları, Erken Tanı, Aile Hekimi
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge levels of primary care physicians and medical residents undergoing specialty training in Van Province regarding cancer screening, the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice, and their attitudes toward screening programs. The physicians' own health behaviors and their practices in referring patients for cancer screening were also assessed. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between October 1, 2024, and January 1, 2025, in Van Province, Türkiye. The study population consisted of physicians working in Family Health Centers (FHCs) and Community Health Centers (CHCs), as well as residents at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine. A total of 180 participants completed a questionnaire developed based on a literature review, administered both face-to-face and online. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. The chi-square test was applied to assess differences between groups, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: When the relationship between years of professional experience and knowledge level was examined, no statistically significant differences were observed between experience groups for most knowledge-based questions (p>0.05). While the majority of participants possessed basic knowledge regarding national cancer screening programs, notable gaps were identified, particularly concerning screening intervals, recommended age ranges, and methods. Significant differences in knowledge regarding breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings were found according to professional title, prior training in cancer screening, and previous experience in primary care settings (p<0.05). Physicians who had received cancer screening training demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels. In comparisons by professional title, residents had lower correct response rates for questions on the recommended starting age for breast cancer screening, the frequency of fecal occult blood (FOB) testing, and the interval for cervical cancer screening (p<0.05). Conclusion:Differences in knowledge levels were closely associated with professional experience and prior training. Short-term, practice-oriented training programs are needed, particularly for young physicians and those in residency training. Accessibility to up-to-date cancer screening guidelines for healthcare professionals should be enhanced, and widespread, interactive educational opportunities should be provided through digital platforms. Key Words: National Cancer Screening Standards, Early Diagnosis, Family Physician
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge levels of primary care physicians and medical residents undergoing specialty training in Van Province regarding cancer screening, the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice, and their attitudes toward screening programs. The physicians' own health behaviors and their practices in referring patients for cancer screening were also assessed. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between October 1, 2024, and January 1, 2025, in Van Province, Türkiye. The study population consisted of physicians working in Family Health Centers (FHCs) and Community Health Centers (CHCs), as well as residents at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine. A total of 180 participants completed a questionnaire developed based on a literature review, administered both face-to-face and online. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27. The chi-square test was applied to assess differences between groups, and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: When the relationship between years of professional experience and knowledge level was examined, no statistically significant differences were observed between experience groups for most knowledge-based questions (p>0.05). While the majority of participants possessed basic knowledge regarding national cancer screening programs, notable gaps were identified, particularly concerning screening intervals, recommended age ranges, and methods. Significant differences in knowledge regarding breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings were found according to professional title, prior training in cancer screening, and previous experience in primary care settings (p<0.05). Physicians who had received cancer screening training demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels. In comparisons by professional title, residents had lower correct response rates for questions on the recommended starting age for breast cancer screening, the frequency of fecal occult blood (FOB) testing, and the interval for cervical cancer screening (p<0.05). Conclusion:Differences in knowledge levels were closely associated with professional experience and prior training. Short-term, practice-oriented training programs are needed, particularly for young physicians and those in residency training. Accessibility to up-to-date cancer screening guidelines for healthcare professionals should be enhanced, and widespread, interactive educational opportunities should be provided through digital platforms. Key Words: National Cancer Screening Standards, Early Diagnosis, Family Physician
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Aile Hekimliği, Kanser Erken Teşhis, Tarama ve Eğitim Merkezi, Kanser Aşıları, Kanser Hastaları, Family Medicine, Cancer Vaccines, Cancer Patients
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77