Sociological Perspective on Child Labor: the Case of Siirt
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, erken yaşlarda çalışmaya başlayan çocukların, aile bireylerinin ve işverenlerinin çocuk işçiliği dolayısıyla ortaya çıkan sorunlara yönelik görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji (olgubilim) deseni ile tasarlanan araştırmaya 15 işçi çocuk, her bir çocuğun aile bireylerinden biri ve işverenleri olmak üzere toplam 45 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, çocuklara, ebeveynlere ve işverenlere yönelik ayrı ayrı olmak üzere araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma, Siirt İlinin Merkezinde bulunan mahalleler ve buralardaki sanayi sitelerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan görüşmeler kayıt altına alınarak yazıya geçirilmiş; ardından veriler içerik analizi ile değerlendirilerek kategori, tema ve katılımcılar tablolaştırılarak sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre çocukların çalıştırılmasında aileler en etkili rolü oynamakta, temel çalışma nedeni içinde yoksulluk nedeniyle aileye katkı sağlamak ve meslek edinmek yer almaktadır. Ebeveynlerin, işverenlerin ve çocukların görüşleri çocuk işçiliğinin kayıt dışı ve yasal olarak uygun olmayan koşullarda devam etmesine toplumsal düzeyde kanıksandığını ve normal bir durum olarak kabul edildiğini göstermektedir. Çocukların çalışma nedenleri arasında en fazla meslek edinme, yoksulluk, okul başarısızlığının ifade edildiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma hayatının çocukların eğitimle ilgili sürekliliğini ve başarı düzeyini olumsuz etkilediği görülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Siirt, Çocuk İşçiliği, Nitel Araştırma, Sosyolojik Bakış.
The aim of this research is to determine the views of children who start working at an early age, family members and employers about the problems arising from child labor. A total of 45 people, including 15 working children, one of the family members of each child and their employers, participated in the research, which was designed with the phenomenology pattern, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The data of the study were collected through semi-structured interview forms developed by the researcher, separately for children, parents and employers. The research was carried out in the neighborhoods and industrial sites in the Center of Siirt Province. The interviews were recorded and transcribed; Then, the data were evaluated by content analysis and presented by tabulating categories, themes and participants. According to the results of the research, families play the most effective role in the employment of children, and the main reason for working is to contribute to the family due to poverty and to acquire a profession. The opinions of parents, employers and children show that child labor is accepted as a normal situation at the social level and it is accepted that child labor continues in informal and legally inappropriate conditions. It has been determined that the most common reasons for children to work are getting a job, poverty, and school failure. In addition, it is seen that working life negatively affects the continuity and success level of children in education. Key Words: Siirt, Child Labor, Qualitative Research, Sociological Perspective.
The aim of this research is to determine the views of children who start working at an early age, family members and employers about the problems arising from child labor. A total of 45 people, including 15 working children, one of the family members of each child and their employers, participated in the research, which was designed with the phenomenology pattern, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The data of the study were collected through semi-structured interview forms developed by the researcher, separately for children, parents and employers. The research was carried out in the neighborhoods and industrial sites in the Center of Siirt Province. The interviews were recorded and transcribed; Then, the data were evaluated by content analysis and presented by tabulating categories, themes and participants. According to the results of the research, families play the most effective role in the employment of children, and the main reason for working is to contribute to the family due to poverty and to acquire a profession. The opinions of parents, employers and children show that child labor is accepted as a normal situation at the social level and it is accepted that child labor continues in informal and legally inappropriate conditions. It has been determined that the most common reasons for children to work are getting a job, poverty, and school failure. In addition, it is seen that working life negatively affects the continuity and success level of children in education. Key Words: Siirt, Child Labor, Qualitative Research, Sociological Perspective.
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Keywords
Sosyoloji, Sociology
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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97