The Kharijid-Sufri State Established in North Africa: The Midraris
Abstract
Bu çalışmada İslâm tarihinin erken dönemlerinde ortaya çıkmış olan Hâricîliğin Sufrîyye fırkasına mensup Berberî Miknâse kabilesi öncülüğünde Kuzey Afrikâ'da kurulmuş olan Midrârîler Devleti siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel yönlerden ele alınmaktadır. Midrârîler Devleti Haricîler'in kurduğu ilk devlet olması hasebiyle, Haricîliğin Kuzey Afrika'da yer edinmesi ve Sufrîyye mezhebinin gelişimi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında bu devletin Hâricîliğin ve onun bir fırkası olan Sufrîyye'nin yayılmasına etkisinin, Kuzey Afrikâ tarihindeki rolünün ve Berberîler'in İslâm'ı kabul etmesindeki payının ne oduğunun incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu amaçla araştırma dört bölüme ayırılmış ve araştırmanın birinci bölümünde Hâricîlik ve Sufrîyye hakkında bilgi verilerek Hâricî-Sufrîliğin Kuzey Afrika'ya girişi ve Hâricî-Sufrîler'in Kuzey Afrika'da gerçekleştirdiği isyanlar aktarılmıştır. İkinci bölümde Midrârî Devleti'nin kuruluşundan yıkılışına kadar olan süreç kronolojik bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde Midrârî Devleti'nin diğer devletlerle ilişkileri incelenerek Kuzey Afrika'daki rolü saptanmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın son bölümünde ise Midrârî Devleti'nin kültür ve medeniyeti incelenmiş ve bu devletin Kuzey Afrika kültür mirasındaki katkısı sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik yönden ele alınmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda Hâricîler'in Emevî Devleti'nin baskılarından kaçmak amacıyla Kuzey Afrika'ya sığındığı ve burada örgütlenerek devlet kurdukları, Kuzey Afrika'ya giden Sufrîyye fırkası müntesiplerinin kurduğu Midrârî Devleti'nin ilk Hâricî devlet olduğu, Hâricîliğin Berberîler arasında yayılmasını sağladığı ve Kuzey Afrika tarihinde önemli izler bıraktığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
In this study, the Midrari State, which was founded in North Africa under the leadership of the Berber Miknāse tribe belonging to the Sufriyya sect of Kharijites, which emerged in the early periods of Islamic history, is discussed from political, social and cultural aspects. Since the State of Midrarids was the first state established by the Kharijites, it is important for the Kharijite to gain a foothold in North Africa and for the development of the Sufriyya sect. Within the scope of the research, it is aimed to examine the effect of this state on the spread of Kharijism and its sect, the Sufriyya, its role in the history of North Africa and its effect on the Berbers' acceptance of Islam. For this purpose, the research is divided into four parts, and in the first part of the research, information about Kharijite and Sufriyya is given, and the entry of Khariji-Sufriyya to North Africa and the rebellions in North Africa are explained. In the second part, the process from the establishment of the Midrāri State to its collapse is discussed. In the third chapter, the relations of the Midrari State with other states were examined and its role in North Africa was tried to be determined. In the last part of the research, the culture and civilization of the Midrāri State were examined and the contribution of this state to the cultural heritage of North Africa was discussed in terms of social, cultural and economic aspects. As a result of the research, the Kharijites took refuge in North Africa in order to escape from the oppression of the Umayyad State and they organized and established a state there, the Midrari State, which was founded by the followers of the Sufriyya sect that went to North Africa, was the first Kharijite state, that the Kharijite spread among the Berbers, and that in the history of North Africa. It was concluded that it left important traces.
In this study, the Midrari State, which was founded in North Africa under the leadership of the Berber Miknāse tribe belonging to the Sufriyya sect of Kharijites, which emerged in the early periods of Islamic history, is discussed from political, social and cultural aspects. Since the State of Midrarids was the first state established by the Kharijites, it is important for the Kharijite to gain a foothold in North Africa and for the development of the Sufriyya sect. Within the scope of the research, it is aimed to examine the effect of this state on the spread of Kharijism and its sect, the Sufriyya, its role in the history of North Africa and its effect on the Berbers' acceptance of Islam. For this purpose, the research is divided into four parts, and in the first part of the research, information about Kharijite and Sufriyya is given, and the entry of Khariji-Sufriyya to North Africa and the rebellions in North Africa are explained. In the second part, the process from the establishment of the Midrāri State to its collapse is discussed. In the third chapter, the relations of the Midrari State with other states were examined and its role in North Africa was tried to be determined. In the last part of the research, the culture and civilization of the Midrāri State were examined and the contribution of this state to the cultural heritage of North Africa was discussed in terms of social, cultural and economic aspects. As a result of the research, the Kharijites took refuge in North Africa in order to escape from the oppression of the Umayyad State and they organized and established a state there, the Midrari State, which was founded by the followers of the Sufriyya sect that went to North Africa, was the first Kharijite state, that the Kharijite spread among the Berbers, and that in the history of North Africa. It was concluded that it left important traces.
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Keywords
Din, Tarih, Religion, History
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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Volume
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157

