Monetary Transfer Mechanism in Turkey Through the Exchange Rate Channel
Abstract
Merkez bankaları ekonomik hedeflerine ulaşabilmek için para politikaları uygularlar. Araç olarak da para politikalarının dolaylı ve dolaysız araçlarını kullanmaktadırlar. Ekonomik faaliyetler üzerinde etkisini gösteren para otoriteleri parasal aktarım mekanizmaları aracılığı ile bunu gerçekleştirmektedirler. Parasal aktarım mekanizması; para otoritelerinin uygulamış olduğu politikaların ekonomi üzerinde nasıl ve ne yönde etki edeceğini ifade eden süreçtir. Parasal aktarım mekanizmalarının literatürde beş kanalı bulunmaktadır. Bunlar; kredi kanalı, döviz kuru kanalı, faiz oranı kanalı, varlık fiyatları kanalı ve beklenti kanalıdır. Bu beş kanaldan tezin konusu olan döviz kuru ise bir birim ülke parasının diğer bir ülke parası cinsinden fiyat değerine denir. Bu kavram iki taraflı bir ilişkiyi içerir, bu yüzden iki taraflı (nominal) döviz kuru olarak da adlandırılır. Türkiye'nin 1990-2021 dönem aralığı döviz kuru kanalının ADF Birim Kök Testi, Bayer-Hanck Eşbütünleme Testi,Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi ve Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi aracılığı ile GSYH, ithalat, ihracat, net ihracat, faiz, döviz kuru, net para arzı (M3) ve enflasyon olmak üzere toplam sekiz değişken üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu tezin amacı döviz kurunun ülke ekonomisinde pozitif mi negatif mi etki ettiğini, bu etkinin sonucunun yıllık veriler doğrultusunda nasıl olduğunu incelemektir. Döviz kuru kanalı için yapılan ampirik çalışmalar ile Türkiye'de döviz kuru kanalının işlediği ve ülke ekonomisini pozitif etkilediği bulgusu elde edilmiştir.
Central banks implement monetary policies to achieve their economic goals. They use direct and indirect tools of monetary policy as a tool. Monetary authorities, which have an effect on economic activities, do this through monetary transmission mechanisms. Monetary transmission mechanism is the process that expresses how and in what direction the policies implemented by the monetary authorities will affect the economy. There are five channels of monetary transmission mechanisms in the literature. These are credit channel, exchange rate channel, interest rate channel, asset prices channel and expectation channel. The exchange rate, which is the subject of the thesis from these five channels, is the price value of a unit of country's currency in terms of another country's currency. This concept includes a bilateral relationship, so it is also called a bilateral (nominal) exchange rate. GDP, imports, exports, net exports, interest, exchange rates, through ADF Unit Root Test, Bayer-Hanck Co-integration Test, Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test and Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test of the exchange rate channel of Turkey's 1990-2021 period was analyzed. In this context, the aim of this thesis, which will be examined on a total of eight variables, net money supply (M3) and inflation, is to investigate whether the exchange rate has a positive or negative effect on the country's economy, and how the result of this effect is in line with annual data. With the empirical studies conducted for the exchange rate channel, it was found that the exchange rate channel works in Turkey and positively affects the country's economy.
Central banks implement monetary policies to achieve their economic goals. They use direct and indirect tools of monetary policy as a tool. Monetary authorities, which have an effect on economic activities, do this through monetary transmission mechanisms. Monetary transmission mechanism is the process that expresses how and in what direction the policies implemented by the monetary authorities will affect the economy. There are five channels of monetary transmission mechanisms in the literature. These are credit channel, exchange rate channel, interest rate channel, asset prices channel and expectation channel. The exchange rate, which is the subject of the thesis from these five channels, is the price value of a unit of country's currency in terms of another country's currency. This concept includes a bilateral relationship, so it is also called a bilateral (nominal) exchange rate. GDP, imports, exports, net exports, interest, exchange rates, through ADF Unit Root Test, Bayer-Hanck Co-integration Test, Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test and Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test of the exchange rate channel of Turkey's 1990-2021 period was analyzed. In this context, the aim of this thesis, which will be examined on a total of eight variables, net money supply (M3) and inflation, is to investigate whether the exchange rate has a positive or negative effect on the country's economy, and how the result of this effect is in line with annual data. With the empirical studies conducted for the exchange rate channel, it was found that the exchange rate channel works in Turkey and positively affects the country's economy.
Description
Keywords
Ekonomi, Economics
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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120

