Comparative Analysis of the Nazaries Written by Mihri Hâtun To Necati Bey
Abstract
Nazire bir şairin, beğendiği bir şairin şiirine aynı vezin, redif, kafiye ve manada benzer bir şiir yazmasıdır. Nazirelerin kendini yetiştirme, üstünlük taslama, rekabet ve adını duyurma gibi birçok yazılış amacı vardır. XV. yüzyıl divan edebiyatında Anadolu'nun Hüsrev-i Rum'u olarak anılan büyük isimlerden biri de Necâtî Bey'dir. Farsçanın giderek popülerlik kazandığı bir dönemde sade, açık bir Türkçe ile atasözü, deyim ve meselleri ustalıkla kullanması döneminde onu ön sıralara çıkaran özelliklerden birkaçıdır. Şiirleri çok sevilmiş ve her devirde birçok şiirine nazireler yazılmıştır. Mihrî Hâtun ise Necâtî Bey'le aynı dönemde yaşamış divanı olan ilk kadın şairdir. Şiirlerinde doğal, samimi bir Türkçe kullanması ve duygularını da pervasızca ifade etmesi, onu diğer kadın şairlerden farklı kılmıştır. Devrin büyük şairi Necâtî Bey'i kendisine örnek almış ve şiirlerini ona göndermiştir. Şiirlerinde Necâtî Bey'e yetişme arzusunu taşıyan Mihrî Hâtun, bu doğrultuda Necâtî'nin pek çok eserine nazireler yazmıştır. Bu çalışma, Mihrî Hâtun ile Necâtî Bey arasında edebî etkileşimin nazireler bağlamında incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nazire kavramı ve Türk edebiyatında nazire konusuna yer verildikten sonra her iki şairin hayatları ve edebiyat dünyasındaki yerleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Daha sonra ana kaynaklarda yer alan Necâtî Bey'in gazelleri ile Mihrî Hâtun'un bu gazellere yazdığı nazireler, karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle tahlil edilmiştir. Her iki şairin divanının karşılaştırılması neticesinde ise tespit edilen gazel ve nazirelerin kısa tahlilleri de yapıldıktan sonra nazire murabba ve tahmise yer verilmiştir. Yapılan kapsamlı tahlillerde, şiirlerin anlam, yapı ve üslup özellikleri detaylı bir şekilde incelenerek şairlerin birbirlerini nasıl etkiledikleri ve bu etkileşimlerin alıntılama, taklit, gönderme, rekabet gibi farklı biçimlerde nasıl gerçekleştiği ortaya konmuştur.
A nazire is when a poet writes a poem that is similar in meter, rhyme, rhyme scheme, and meaning to a poem by a poet they admire. Nazires are written for many reasons, such as self-improvement, asserting superiority, competition, and making a name for oneself. In the 15th century, one of the great names in Ottoman divan literature, known as the Khusraw of Rum, was Necâtî Bey. In a period when Persian was increasingly popular, his ability to use simple, clear Turkish with proverbs, idioms, and sayings was one of the features that brought him to the forefront of his time. His poems were very popular and nazires were written to many of them in every period. Mihrî Hatun, on the other hand, was the first female poet to have a divan, who lived in the same period as Necâtî Bey. Her use of natural, sincere Turkish in her poems and her uninhibited expression of her feelings set her apart from other female poets. She took the great poet of the time, Necâtî Bey, as an example and sent him her poems. Mihrî Hatun, who carried the desire to reach Necâtî Bey in her poems, wrote many nazires to Necâtî's works in this direction. This study aims to examine the literary interaction between Mihrî Hatun and Necâtî Bey in the context of nazires. After discussing the concept of nazire and the subject of nazire in Turkish literature, information is given about the lives of both poets and their places in the literary world. Later, Necâtî Bey's ghazals in the main sources and Mihrî Hatun's nazires written to these ghazals were analyzed with a comparative method. After the ghazals and nazires identified as a result of the comparison of the two poets' divans were briefly analyzed, nazire murabba and tahmis were included. In the comprehensive analyses made, the meaning, structure, and style features of the poems were examined in detail, and how the poets influenced each other and how these interactions took place in different forms such as quotation, imitation, reference, and competition were revealed.
A nazire is when a poet writes a poem that is similar in meter, rhyme, rhyme scheme, and meaning to a poem by a poet they admire. Nazires are written for many reasons, such as self-improvement, asserting superiority, competition, and making a name for oneself. In the 15th century, one of the great names in Ottoman divan literature, known as the Khusraw of Rum, was Necâtî Bey. In a period when Persian was increasingly popular, his ability to use simple, clear Turkish with proverbs, idioms, and sayings was one of the features that brought him to the forefront of his time. His poems were very popular and nazires were written to many of them in every period. Mihrî Hatun, on the other hand, was the first female poet to have a divan, who lived in the same period as Necâtî Bey. Her use of natural, sincere Turkish in her poems and her uninhibited expression of her feelings set her apart from other female poets. She took the great poet of the time, Necâtî Bey, as an example and sent him her poems. Mihrî Hatun, who carried the desire to reach Necâtî Bey in her poems, wrote many nazires to Necâtî's works in this direction. This study aims to examine the literary interaction between Mihrî Hatun and Necâtî Bey in the context of nazires. After discussing the concept of nazire and the subject of nazire in Turkish literature, information is given about the lives of both poets and their places in the literary world. Later, Necâtî Bey's ghazals in the main sources and Mihrî Hatun's nazires written to these ghazals were analyzed with a comparative method. After the ghazals and nazires identified as a result of the comparison of the two poets' divans were briefly analyzed, nazire murabba and tahmis were included. In the comprehensive analyses made, the meaning, structure, and style features of the poems were examined in detail, and how the poets influenced each other and how these interactions took place in different forms such as quotation, imitation, reference, and competition were revealed.
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Keywords
Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Turkish Language and Literature
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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