The Impact of High Temperatures on Some Plant Growth Parameters in Some Common Bean Genotypes

Abstract

Common bean is one of the most cultivated vegetables globally and in Turkey. Especially in areas with a temperate climate, the losses in productivity and quality limit production due to high temperatures. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the bean genotypes tolerant to high temperature stress and to reduce the above-mentioned yield and quality losses to benefit the researchers and producers. In the present study, 46 bean genotypes and 2 bean cultivars, determined to be tolerant and sensitive to high temperatures in previous studies, were used. Variations in 0-5 visual scale value, plant fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, stem diameter, plant height, leaf number and area, relative leaf water content, membrane damage index and ion (K and Ca) content were determined in bean plants. Bean seeds were sown in 2-liter pots containing 2:1 peat + perlite mixture, 3 plants per pot based on the randomized blocks experimental design. From the seed sowing until the first real leaf appearance, the pots were irrigated with tap water and then, the pots were irrigated with Hoagland nutrient solution. The control plants were grown in a polyethylene greenhouse and the plants subjected to high temperature were grown in an extra polyethylene covered high tunnel in a polyethylene greenhouse to create high temperature stress. There was a daytime temperature difference of 6 degrees C (optimum: 32.17 degrees C for high temperature application; optimum: 26.17 degrees C for control application) between the control and high temperature applications. The analyzes conducted on the plants revealed that the genotypes V21, V28, V32, V82, T65, and V-a1 and cv. Yakutiye were tolerant to high temperature stress, while the genotypes V88, V89, T7, and T72 and cv. Zulbiye were the sensitive ones.