Evaluation of Anatomical Measurements of the Bulbus Oculi by Optical Biometry in the Eastern Region of Türkiye

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The objective was to assess ocular biometric measurements in relation to age and gender among patients scheduled for cataract surgery, utilizing an optical biometry device. Materials and Methods: The optical biometric parameters evaluated included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (AD), lens thickness (LT), horizontal corneal diameter (WTW), and keratometry values in the flat (K1) and steep (K2) meridians. Astigmatism (AST) was also measured as the difference between these keratometry values. Results: A total of 14,183 optical biometric measurements were included in the study. The average age of the participants was determined to be 56 (3-110) years. The average AL was 23.57 +/- 1.45 mm, the average AD was 2.76 +/- 0.42 mm, the average CCT was 518.13 +/- 37.81 mu m, the average WTW distance was 11.88 +/- 0.59 mm, and the average LT was 4.19 +/- 0.51 mm. The keratometry measurements were recorded as K1 = 43.39 +/- 1.96 diopters (D), K2 = 44.51 +/- 2.31 D, and AST = 1.12 +/- 1.15 D. The average values for male eyes in terms of the AL, AD, WTW, and LT measurements were significantly higher than those for female eyes (p = 0.001). The average K1 and K2 values were flatter in males than in females, while the AST value was found to be higher in females (p = 0.001). As age progressed, the mean AL decreased, the CCT decreased, the AD narrowed, the WTW distance decreased, the LT increased, and the keratometric values K1, K2, and AST decreased until the age of 60, after which they increased again. Conclusions: Research indicates that the measurements of the bulbus oculi are generally larger in males than in females. Furthermore, each of the optical biometric measurements is interrelated. Over time, these measurements may change.