Determination of Some Physicochemical Properties and Anthocyanin Extraction Conditions of Rosa Damascena Mill

Abstract

In this study, some physicochemical and bioactive properties of Rosa damascena Mill. and the effect of different extraction methods and conditions on total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) extraction were investigated. The average petal weights, petal areas, L*, a*, and b* values, dry matter, pH, titration acidity, L-ascorbic acid, TMA, and total phenolic content of the samples were 2.49 g, 6.04 cm(2), 54.01, 37.30, 22.72, 18.65%, 5.45, 0.11 mg/100 g, 1,366.52 mg/kg DW, 515.79 mg C3G Eq./100 g DM and 4,353.52 mg GAE/100 g DM, respectively. Catechin, ellagic acid, rutin, gallic acid, and two different anthocyanins were detected. The mass transfer coefficient values in conventional (20, 40, and 60 degrees C) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (50%, 75%, and 100% amplitude) were 0.068, 0.324, and 0.922 ml/cm(2) and 2.178, 3.822, and 7.812 ml/cm(2) min, respectively. Results showed that anthocyanins can be extracted faster and with higher yields by ultrasound-assisted extraction. Novelty impact statement Rosa damascena Mill. petals have attractive red color and are rich sources of anthocyanins. Anthocyanins are water-soluble natural pigment and have the positive effects on human health. The anthocyanin extraction, which takes 210 min at 60 degrees C with conventional extraction, can be shortened up to 18 min at 100% ultrasound amplitude by ultrasound-assisted extraction.