Detection of Active Substances in Cynara Syriaca B. and Cynara Scolymus L. Type Artichokes Growing Naturally in Siirt Region

Abstract

This project was carried out to determine the active ingredient contents in artichoke plant, an ancient and interesting vegetable which gave its name to festivals. Artichoke; which is a vegetable that is very important for human beings in terms of health, has also taken place in mythology. The study was carried out in Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture; Department of Horticulture. The experiment was conducted in Turkey; in the city of Siirt and the province of Kezer; one of the few places in which Cynara syriaca species grow. Different branching types (1 branch, 7 branch; 14 branch, 21 branch and 28 branch) of Cynara syriaca species in the region were used in the experiment. In addition, other varieties of Cynara scolynnts species (Saktz and Bayrampaa) which have been cultivated and taken into our food culture were also used. Cultivated species were grown in controlled environments and samples were obtained from these controlled areas, The wild type (Cynara syriaca) samples were obtained from different types of plants grown in the natural environment. Determination of active ingredient contents in leaf samples belonging to different artichoke varieties and types were performed. With the determination of active substance: active substance/branch number, active substance/head weight and active substance/head number measurements were also performed. Morphological properties of both species were also investigated. Due to the fact that wild artichokes are prickly and they grow in natural environment, it is expected that their active ingredient contents will be higher. However. at the end of the study, contrary to expectations, it was found that the cultivated artichoke varieties (Bayrampaa and Sakiz) had a richer content in terms of active substance than Cynara syriaca species with different branching characteristics. Cynara syriaca genotypes were found to have higher values in terms of active substance/branch number, active substance/head weight and active substance/head number. Whether or not a plant can he used as a drug is decided according to the active ingredient content of the same plant.