Comparison of Temporomandibular Joint Space and Articular Eminence Inclination in Various Skeletal Anomalies

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to compare the values of joint spaces and articular eminence inclinations in individuals with various skeletal anomalies. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 individuals with Class I (n=20), Class II (n=20), and Class III (n=20) anomalies were included in the study, and their cone-beam computed tomography images were utilized. In each individual, the axial sectional joint spaces, including the articular disc, were calculated three- dimensionally using computer software for both the right and left condyles. Additionally, the articular eminence inclinations of both the right and left sides were measured for each individual. The obtained data were statistically compared among groups using one-way analysis of variance and within groups for the right and left values using paired t-tests (p<0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in terms of the volume values of interclass and intraclass (right-left condylar) joint space. Individuals with Class II malocclusion exhibited a statistically significant difference in articular eminence inclination between the right and left sides (p=0.032). Among the groups, it was observed that individuals with Class III malocclusion had a statistically significant difference in articular eminence values compared to the other classes (p=0.007). Conclusion: Individuals with skeletal anomalies were found to have symmetric joint space volume for both right and left sides. Significant differences were detected between the left and right articular inclinations in individuals with Class II malocclusion. These findings provide important insights for the evaluation and treatment planning of temporomandibular joint structures in individuals with various skeletal anomalies.