Analyze of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Abstract

Aim: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the infection that is an important cause of morbidity and mortality developed in patients whom the invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) were performed in intensive care units (ICU). In this study, the factors of VAP developing in patients whom the mechanical ventilation of ICU performed, antibiotic susceptibility to these factors and determining the risk factors were aimed. Material and Method: Between January 2009 and March 2013, 79 cases, followed with the mechanical ventilation for at least for 48 hours and developed VAP, were retrospectively reviewed at Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit of Reanimation at Faculty of Medicine at Yuzuncu Yil University, performing endotracheal intubation. The cases were evaluated in terms of microorganisms, antibiotic susceptibility and risk factors. Results: The rate of our VAP speed was calculated to be 19.68 on the day of 1000 ventilator. While a single microorganism could be isolated in 81.1% of the 74 VAP cases whose the active pathogen could be isolated, two or more than two microorganisms were isolated in 18.9% of them. While 83 of the strains (90.2%) were gram-negative bacteria, 7 of them (7.6%) were gram-positive bacteria. Acinetobacter spp. (40.2%) was most commonly isolated as a gram-negative factor, but methicillin-resistant S. aureus (4.3%) was isolated as a gram-positive factor. It was determined that the isolated factors in VAP cases were significantly resistant to the broad-spectrum antibiotics. Discussion: As a result, in patients with high-risk factors for the development of VAP, early and appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment should be started according to the results of the sensitivity of the unit and for the multi-drug-resistant microorganisms with common and high mortality.