The Molecular Prevalence of Blastocystis Spp. in Patients With Diarrhea

Abstract

Objectives: Gut microbiota plays an important role in human health. Its composition and diversity are the main factors that affect the metabolic, immunologic and physiologic conditions. Gut microbiota is mainly composed of bacteria; however, protozoa are also crucial part of this community. Blastocystis is also a prominent member of human microbiome. Although its pathologic potential is still unknown, its interaction with other populations and dysbiosis may induce gastrointestinal abnormalities such as diarrhea. The present study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence of Blastocystis in patients with diarrhea. Material and Methods: A total of 120 fecal samples from patients with diarrhea were collected and the DNA were extracted. Genetic analyses were conducted on Blastocystis 18S RNA gene with real-time PCR. Results: DNA from six samples were excluded due to the unsuccessful isolation and it was determined that the molecular prevalence of the Blastocystis was 26.3% (30/114). The positivity was found in male 28.8% and 24.2% in female patients. And the prevalence was detected as 25.5% in rural and 26.9 % in urban areas. The infection was detected in 61.1 % of the 45 and older age group and 16% of the 1-6 age group. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of Blastocystis and the relationship between infection and diarrhea in children and adult patients were discussed. As a result, it is thought that Blastocystis should always be considered in diarrhea cases and it will be effective and beneficial to use DNA-based methods in routine diagnosis in order not to miss cases.