Evaluation of Fetal Central Nervous System Anomalies Diagnosed Prenatally: Prenatal and Postnatal Outcomes

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the diagnosis types and rates of patients with central nervous system (CNS) anomalies detected in the prenatal period between 2021-2022 in our perinatology clinic and to contribute to the literature. Materials and Methods: Our study included 191 patients with CNS anomaly and whose pregnancy results were reached. Demographic characteristics of the patients, additional detected anomalies, fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and genetic results, o bstetric and neonatal results were evaluated if requested. Results: Neural tube defects (NTD) were found most frequently at 75.3%, and among these, acrania was found most frequently at 27.2%. While 74.3% of the detected CNS anomalies were isolated anomalies, it was found that 5.2% were accompanied by additional CNS anomalies and 21.9% were accompanied by additional extracranial anomalies. Abnormal karyotype was obtained in 12.1% of the pa tients who wanted to have a prenatal diagnosis test. It was found that 11% of the patients requested fetal MRI and ventriculomegaly was the most common fetal MRI indication. While the pregnancies of 56.5% of the patients were terminated, 37.7% of them gave live bir ths. The rate of surgical intervention in live-born babies with CNS anomalies was found to be 56.9%. A total mortality rate of 43% was found in live-born babies. Conclusion: Since CNS anomalies are associated with serious morbidity and mortality; Prenatal diagnosis is very important so that families can be offered a pregnancy termination option and those who will continue to be pregnant should be informed about the treatment and rehabilitation processes of their babies. © 2024, Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Tip Fakultesi. All rights reserved.