Phenolic Contents, Enzyme Inhibitory Activities, and Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rosa Pisiformis Fruits

Abstract

The present study was designed to assess the phytochemical contents as well as the in vitro biological activities fruit of Rosa pisiformis and possible in vivo cardioprotective and hepatoprotective properties of the aqueous extract of R. pisiformis fruit on trace elements (cadmium, selenium, nickel, zinc, iron, copper, cobalt, chromium, manganese, lead), minerals (sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium), glutathione and malondialdehyde in heart and liver tissue samples, serum vitamin (retinol, cholecalciferol, phylloquinone, alpha-tocopherol), total sialic acid, and lipid-bound sialic acid in a rat model of isoproterenol-induced oxidative damage. In the study, 40 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of ten each: control, isoproterenol 100 mg/kg bodyweight; isoproterenol 100 mg/kg bodyweight; then R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg bodyweight, and R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg bodyweight. Rats were given isoproterenol twice at an interval of 24 h for two days (on days 28 and 29) subcutaneously. The experimental period was maintained at 30 days. According to analysis results, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid were found to be the high contents of the fruit extracts at 6.01 +/- 0.0006 and 3.93 +/- 0.007 mg/100 g dry weight. It showed that R. pisiformis (300 mg/kg bodyweight) aqueous extract had a potent action on oxidative damage. The R. pisiformis (300 mg/kg bodyweight) treatment significantly alleviated toward normalcy on the zinc, manganese, cobalt, magnesium, and sodium values in the heart, and zinc and magnesium values in liver tissue samples. These positive effects may be related to the action of p-coumaric acid and caffeic acid present in the R. pisiformis 300 mg/kg and it has hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties that could protect from myocardial damage.