Three-Dimensional Analysis of Impacted Maxillary and Mandibular Canines and Evaluation of Factors Associated With Transmigration on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of canine transmigration in the maxilla and mandible and to perform a 3-dimensional examination of impacted canines (ICs) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 35 transmigrated and 35 nontransmigrated canines (control group) were analyzed. Associations between gender, jaw, dental anomalies associated with ICs, adjacent lateral status, the status of deciduous canine, contact of the apical region with the cortex, contact of the crown with the cortex, canine location, resorption of adjacent teeth and severity, periodontal contour of adjacent teeth, odontoma, root status of the canine, cyst formation, and age groups of patients with transmigration were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of unilateral canine transmigration was 1.14%. Unilateral canine transmigration was less common in the mandible (0.52%) than in the maxilla (0.62%). ICs were significantly more frequently located on the lingual side. Resorption, the absence of contact between permanent and deciduous canines, and older age were significantly associated with transmigration. Resorption of adjacent teeth did not show significant differences according to transmigration status and gender, whereas nontransmigrated canines were significantly more commonly associated with periodontal destruction. Conclusions: The status of associated deciduous canines, location on the lingual side, and older age may be associated with transmigration of ICs. Conversely, transmigration is not significantly associated with the destruction of adjacent structures. CBCT is a valuable tool for comprehensive evaluations of impacted and transmigrated teeth. (C) 2020 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons