The Effect of Cold Spray Applied Before Local Anesthesia on Anxiety and Pain in Coronary Angiography Procedure: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Purpose Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinically, various techniques are used to diagnose coronary artery diseases. Coronary angiography is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cold spray applied before local anesthesia on pain and anxiety during coronary angiography procedures. Design The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial. Methods The study was conducted in the angiography unit of a training and research hospital between January and March 2023. Data collection tools included a patient information form, Visual Analog Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results When the total mean scores of the Visual Analog Scale of the individuals in the intervention and control groups were examined, a statistically significant difference was found between the mean scores of the patients in the intervention group and the control group (P < .05). A significant difference was found between the individuals in the intervention and control groups in terms of the total scores of the state anxiety scale after cold spray (P < .001), with the mean scores of the control group higher than the intervention group. Conclusions The application of cold spray before local anesthesia in coronary angiography significantly reduced pain and anxiety levels. (c) 2025 American Society of Peri Anesthesia Nurses. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.