Comparative Clinical Efficiency of Resveratrol, Allopurinol, and Resveratrol Plus Allopurinol in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract

Objective To assess the clinical and immunological effectiveness of resveratrol alone or combined with allopurinol for treating canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Methods This study included 50 dogs, 30 diagnosed with CVL and 20 healthy controls. Dogs were classified based on their treatment regime (receiving resveratrol [200 mg/dog/d] and/or allopurinol [10 mg/kg/d]). Clinical scores, antileishmanial antibody titers, and routine blood parameters were evaluated on days 0, 15, and 30 after treatment. Results Dogs treated with the combination therapy showed the most substantial improvements, with a 75.77% reduction in clinical scores and an 81.25% reduction in antibody titers. Dogs receiving allopurinol exhibited a 56.25% reduction in clinical scores, while those treated with resveratrol showed a 42.82% reduction. Antibody titers were less signifi-cantly reduced in the resveratrol group (67.5%) compared to the allopurinol group (45%). Conclusions Combining resveratrol with allopurinol enhances the therapeutic efficacy for CVL, leading to significant clinical im-provements and reductions in antibody titers. Resveratrol alone also demonstrates promising anti-leishmanial effects. Clinical Relevance Resveratrol, either alone or in combination with allopurinol, offers a feasible and effective alternative for improving clinical outcomes in CVL. Its incorporation into standard protocols may enhance treatment strategies in veterinary medicine.