Design, Structural Evolution, and Radiation Attenuation Behavior of HfO2-Modified Ceramics

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of doping HfO2 (hafnium oxide) on Al2Si2O5(OH)4-KAlSi3O8-SiO2 ceramics, fabricated via conventional firing and sintering, for photon and neutron shielding applications. Experimental measurements were performed using a133Ba source for gamma shielding and a241Am/Be neutron source for neutron shielding. At 81 key gamma energy, the radiation attenuation properties of Hf0 (undoped) and Hf5 (doped, containing 30 % HfO2) ceramics showed an increase in the mass attenuation coefficient from 0.180 to 1.812 cm2/g and in the linear attenuation coefficient from 0.417 to 5.799 cm-1, while the mean free path (mfp) decreased from 2.398 to 0.172 cm, indicating a clear compositional dependence. Theoretical calculations were carried out using the EpiXS program. Among the produced ceramics, the Hf5 sample exhibited the highest neutron absorption rate, reaching 59.31 %. This work presents an innovative approach for developing HfO2-doped ceramics for radiation-shielding applications. Compared to undoped systems, the incorporation of HfO2 significantly enhances both gamma-and neutron-attenuation capabilities. The results demonstrate that HfO2-doped ceramics constitute sustainable, cost-effective, and efficient alternatives for radiation protection in nuclear facilities, medical imaging technologies, and space applications.