Relation Between Increased Oxidative Stress and Histological Abnormalities in the Ovaries of Alburnus Tarichi in Lake Van, Turkey

Abstract

Recent studies have shown reproductively arrested gonad development in female Alburnus tarichi (Guldenstadt, 1814) (Cyprinidae) from the eastern coastline of Lake Van, Turkey, due to increasing pollution. In the reproductively arrested females (RAF), oo-cytes were developmentally blocked and arrested at the previtellogenic stage and gonadosomatic indices (GSI) were very low, while reproductively non-arrested females (RNF) found at the same site displayed relatively normal ovarian development and higher GSI. The present study investigated various oxidative stress biomarkers in the ovaries of RAF and RNF collected from a polluted site at Lake Van at the mid-vitellogenic phase, compared with reference fish from a non-polluted site (Lake Ercek). Ovarian total protein content, biometric indices, and histology were also evaluated. The oxidative stress biomarkers used were levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). High levels of LPO and GSH and activities of SOD, GPx and GST were found in the ovaries of RAF compared with the reference fish. GSH content and activities of GPx and GST were also higher in the RNF. The total protein content and biometric indices decreased significantly in the RAF compared with the RNF and reference fish. The histology of the ovaries revealed atresia, melano-macrophage centers, encapsulated follicle cysts, and severe fibrosis in the RAF. The results of this study suggest that abnormalities in the ovaries of A. tarichi are causally related to increased oxidative stress as a result of pollution.